/*
 *	PROGRAM:	JRD Access Method
 *	MODULE:		isc_sync.cpp
 *	DESCRIPTION:	General purpose but non-user routines.
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the Interbase Public
 * License Version 1.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file
 * except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy
 * of the License at http://www.Inprise.com/IPL.html
 *
 * Software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express
 * or implied. See the License for the specific language governing
 * rights and limitations under the License.
 *
 * The Original Code was created by Inprise Corporation
 * and its predecessors. Portions created by Inprise Corporation are
 * Copyright (C) Inprise Corporation.
 *
 * All Rights Reserved.
 * Contributor(s): ______________________________________.
 *
 * 2002.02.15 Sean Leyne - Code Cleanup, removed obsolete "XENIX" port
 * 2002.02.15 Sean Leyne - Code Cleanup, removed obsolete "DELTA" port
 * 2002.02.15 Sean Leyne - Code Cleanup, removed obsolete "IMP" port
 *
 * 2002-02-23 Sean Leyne - Code Cleanup, removed old M88K and NCR3000 port
 *
 * 2002.10.27 Sean Leyne - Completed removal of obsolete "DG_X86" port
 * 2002.10.27 Sean Leyne - Completed removal of obsolete "M88K" port
 *
 * 2002.10.28 Sean Leyne - Completed removal of obsolete "DGUX" port
 * 2002.10.28 Sean Leyne - Code cleanup, removed obsolete "DecOSF" port
 * 2002.10.28 Sean Leyne - Code cleanup, removed obsolete "SGI" port
 *
 * 2002.10.29 Sean Leyne - Removed obsolete "Netware" port
 *
 */

#include "firebird.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#ifdef SOLARIS
#include "../common/gdsassert.h"
#endif

#ifdef HPUX
#include <sys/pstat.h>
#endif

#include "../common/common.h"
#include "gen/iberror.h"
#include "../yvalve/gds_proto.h"
#include "../common/isc_proto.h"
#include "../common/os/isc_i_proto.h"
#include "../common/os/os_utils.h"
#include "../common/isc_s_proto.h"
#include "../common/file_params.h"
#include "../common/gdsassert.h"
#include "../common/classes/fb_tls.h"
#include "../common/config/config.h"
#include "../common/utils_proto.h"
#include "../common/StatusArg.h"
#include "../auth/SecurityDatabase/jrd_pwd.h"

#ifdef UNIX
#include <setjmp.h>
#endif

static int process_id;

#ifdef HAVE_SIGNAL_H
#include <signal.h>
#endif

// Unix specific stuff

#ifdef UNIX
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/file.h>

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SIGNAL_H
#include <sys/signal.h>
#endif

#include <errno.h>
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

#ifdef USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
#include <fcntl.h>
#endif

#include <sys/mman.h>

#define FTOK_KEY	15
#define PRIV		0666

//#ifndef SHMEM_DELTA
//#define SHMEM_DELTA	(1 << 22)
//#endif

//#ifndef SIGURG
//#define SIGURG		SIGINT
//#endif

#ifndef HAVE_SEMUN
union semun
{
	int val;
	struct semid_ds *buf;
	ushort *array;
};
#endif
#endif // UNIX

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
#include <sys/param.h>
#endif

#ifndef HAVE_GETPAGESIZE
static size_t getpagesize()
{
	return PAGESIZE;
}
#endif

#ifdef DEBUG_IPC
#define IPC_TRACE(x)	{ /*time_t t; time(&t); printf("%s", ctime(&t) ); printf x; fflush (stdout);*/ gds__log x; }
#else
#define IPC_TRACE(x)
#endif


// Windows NT

#ifdef WIN_NT

#include <process.h>
#include <windows.h>

#endif

using namespace Jrd;
using namespace Firebird;

static void		error(Arg::StatusVector&, const TEXT*, ISC_STATUS);
static bool		event_blocked(const event_t* event, const SLONG value);

#ifdef UNIX

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
static void		longjmp_sig_handler(int);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
static void		longjmp_sig_handler(int);
static GlobalPtr<Mutex> openFdInit;

namespace {

	// File lock holder
	class FileLock
	{
	public:
		enum LockLevel {LCK_NONE, LCK_SHARED, LCK_EXCL};
		enum DtorMode {CLOSED, OPENED, LOCKED};

		FileLock(Arg::StatusVector& aStatusVector, int pFd, DtorMode pMode = CLOSED)
			: statusVector(aStatusVector), level(LCK_NONE), fd(pFd), dtorMode(pMode)
		{ }

		~FileLock()
		{
			switch (dtorMode)
			{
			case LOCKED:
				break;
			case OPENED:
				unlock();
				break;
			case CLOSED:
				unlock();
				close(fd);
				break;
			}
		}

	// unlocking can only put error into log file - we can't throw in dtors
		void unlock()
		{
			if (level == LCK_NONE)
			{
				return;
			}

#ifdef HAVE_FLOCK
			if (flock(fd, LOCK_UN))
#else
			struct flock lock;
			lock.l_type = F_UNLCK;
			lock.l_whence = 0;
			lock.l_start = 0;
			lock.l_len = 0;
			if (fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &lock) == -1)
#endif
			{
				Arg::StatusVector local;
				error(local, NAME, errno);
				iscLogStatus("Unlock error", local.value());
			}
			level = LCK_NONE;
		}

		// Call it to keep file locked & opened after dtor is called
		void setDtorMode(DtorMode mode) throw()
		{
			dtorMode = mode;
		}

		// Call when using already locked file in ctor
		void setLevel(LockLevel l)
		{
			level = l;
		}

		// All lock methods return true on success, false on error
		bool exclusive()
		{
			return doLock(false, true);
		}

		bool tryExclusive()
		{
			return doLock(false, false);
		}

		bool shared()
		{
			return doLock(true, true);
		}

		bool tryShared()
		{
			return doLock(true, false);
		}

	private:
		Arg::StatusVector& statusVector;
		LockLevel level;
		int fd;
		DtorMode dtorMode;
		static const char* NAME;

	private:
		bool doLock(bool shared, bool wait)
		{
			const LockLevel newLevel = shared ? LCK_SHARED : LCK_EXCL;
			if (newLevel == level)
			{
				return true;
			}
			if (level != LCK_NONE)
			{
				unlock();
			}
#ifdef HAVE_FLOCK
			if (flock(fd, (shared ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | (wait ? 0 : LOCK_NB)))
#else //use FCNTL
			struct flock lock;
			lock.l_type = shared ? F_RDLCK : F_WRLCK;
			lock.l_whence = 0;
			lock.l_start = 0;
			lock.l_len = 0;
			if (fcntl(fd, wait ? F_SETLKW : F_SETLK, &lock) == -1)
#endif
			{
				error(statusVector, NAME, errno);
				return false;
			}
			level = newLevel;
			return true;
		}
	};

	const char* FileLock::NAME =
#ifdef HAVE_FLOCK
		"flock";
#else //use FCNTL
		"fcntl";
#endif
}

#ifdef USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE

static SLONG	create_semaphores(Arg::StatusVector&, SLONG, int);

namespace {

	int fdSem = -1;
	int sharedCount = 0;
	int fd_init = -1;

	// this class is mapped into shared file
	class SemTable
	{
	public:
		const static int N_FILES = 8;
		const static int N_SETS = 256;
#if defined(DEV_BUILD) || defined(FREEBSD)
		const static int SEM_PER_SET = 4;	// force multiple sets allocation || work with default freebsd kernel
#else
		const static int SEM_PER_SET = 31;	// hard limit for some old systems, might set to 32
#endif
		const static unsigned char CURRENT_VERSION = 1;
		unsigned char version;

	private:
		int lastSet;

		struct
		{
			char name[MAXPATHLEN];
		} filesTable[N_FILES];

		struct
		{
			key_t semKey;
			int fileNum;
			SLONG mask;

			int get(int fNum)
			{
				if (fileNum == fNum && mask != 0)
				{
					for (int bit = 0; bit < SEM_PER_SET; ++bit)
					{
						if (mask & (1 << bit))
						{
							mask &= ~(1 << bit);
							return bit;
						}
					}
					// bad bits in mask ?
					mask = 0;
				}
				return -1;
			}

			int create(int fNum)
			{
				fileNum = fNum;
				mask = 1 << SEM_PER_SET;
				--mask;
				mask &= ~1;
				return 0;
			}

			void put(int bit)
			{
				// fb_assert(!(mask & (1 << bit)));
				mask |= (1 << bit);
			}
		} set[N_SETS];

	public:
		void cleanup(int fNum, bool release);

		key_t getKey(int semSet) const
		{
			fb_assert(semSet >= 0 && semSet < lastSet);

			return set[semSet].semKey;
		}

		void init()
		{
			if (sharedCount)
			{
				return;
			}

			ftruncate(fdSem, sizeof(*this));

			for (int i = 0; i < N_SETS; ++i)
			{
				if (set[i].fileNum > 0)
				{
					// may be some old data about really active semaphore sets?
					if (version == CURRENT_VERSION)
					{
						const int semId = semget(set[i].semKey, SEM_PER_SET, 0);
						if (semId > 0)
						{
							semctl(semId, 0, IPC_RMID);
						}
					}
					set[i].fileNum = 0;
				}
			}

			for (int i = 0; i < N_FILES; ++i)
			{
				filesTable[i].name[0] = 0;
			}

			version = CURRENT_VERSION;
			lastSet = 0;
		}

		bool get(int fileNum, Sys5Semaphore* sem)
		{
			// try to locate existing set
			int n;
			for (n = 0; n < lastSet; ++n)
			{
				const int semNum = set[n].get(fileNum);
				if (semNum >= 0)
				{
					sem->semSet = n;
					sem->semNum = semNum;
					return true;
				}
			}

			// create new set
			for (n = 0; n < lastSet; ++n)
			{
				if (set[n].fileNum <= 0)
				{
					break;
				}
			}

			if (n >= N_SETS)
			{
				return false;
			}

			if (n >= lastSet)
			{
				lastSet = n + 1;
			}

			set[n].semKey = ftok(filesTable[fileNum - 1].name, n);
			sem->semSet = n;
			sem->semNum = set[n].create(fileNum);
			return true;
		}

		void put(Sys5Semaphore* sem)
		{
			fb_assert(sem->semSet >= 0 && sem->semSet < N_SETS);

			set[sem->semSet].put(sem->semNum);
		}

		int findFileByName(const PathName& name) const
		{
			// Get a file ID in filesTable.
			for (int fileId = 0; fileId < N_FILES; ++fileId)
			{
				if (name == filesTable[fileId].name)
				{
					return fileId + 1;
				}
			}

			// not found
			return 0;
		}

		int addFileByName(const PathName& name)
		{
			int id = findFileByName(name);
			if (id > 0)
			{
				return id;
			}

			// Get a file ID in filesTable.
			for (int fileId = 0; fileId < SemTable::N_FILES; ++fileId)
			{
				if (filesTable[fileId].name[0] == 0)
				{
					name.copyTo(filesTable[fileId].name, sizeof(filesTable[fileId].name));
					return fileId + 1;
				}
			}

			// not found
			fb_assert(false);
			return 0;
		}
	};

	SemTable* semTable = NULL;

	class SharedFile
	{
	public:
		SharedFile(const char* pName, void* address, int length)
			: fileNum(semTable->addFileByName(pName)), from((UCHAR*) address), to(from + length)
		{ }

		SharedFile() : fileNum(0), from(0), to(0) { }

		int getNum() const { return fileNum; }

		static SharedFile* locate(void* s)
		{
			const int n = getByAddress((UCHAR*) s);
			return n >= 0 ? &sharedFiles[n] : 0;
		}

		static void push(const SharedFile& sf)
		{
			MutexLockGuard guard(mutex);
			IPC_TRACE(("+add SF with %p %p\n", sf.from, sf.to));
			sharedFiles.push(sf);
		}

		static void pop()
		{
			MutexLockGuard guard(mutex);
			SharedFile sf = sharedFiles.pop();
			IPC_TRACE(("-pop SF with %p %p\n", sf.from, sf.to));
		}

		static void remove(void* s)
		{
			MutexLockGuard guard(mutex);
			int n = getByAddress((UCHAR*) s);
			if (n >= 0)
			{
				IPC_TRACE(("-rem SF with %p %p\n", sharedFiles[n].from, sharedFiles[n].to));
				sharedFiles.remove(n);
			}
			else {
				IPC_TRACE(("-rem SF Failedp\n"));
			}
		}

		static void remap(void* const f, void* const to, int newLength)
		{
			MutexLockGuard guard(mutex);
			UCHAR* const from = (UCHAR*) f;
			for (unsigned int n = 0; n < sharedFiles.getCount(); ++n)
			{
				if (from == sharedFiles[n].from)
				{
					sharedFiles[n].from = (UCHAR*) to;
					sharedFiles[n].to = sharedFiles[n].from + newLength;
					return;
				}
			}
		}

		typedef Vector<SharedFile, SemTable::N_FILES> Storage;

	private:
		int fileNum;
		const UCHAR* from;
		const UCHAR* to;
		static Storage sharedFiles;
		static GlobalPtr<Mutex> mutex;

		static int getByAddress(UCHAR* const s)
		{
			MutexLockGuard guard(mutex);
			for (unsigned int n = 0; n < sharedFiles.getCount(); ++n)
			{
				if (s >= sharedFiles[n].from && s < sharedFiles[n].to)
				{
					return n;
				}
			}

			return -1;
		}
	};

	SharedFile::Storage SharedFile::sharedFiles;
	GlobalPtr<Mutex> SharedFile::mutex;

	int idCache[SemTable::N_SETS];
	GlobalPtr<Mutex> idCacheMutex;

	void initCache()
	{
		MutexLockGuard guard(idCacheMutex);
		memset(idCache, 0xff, sizeof idCache);
	}

	void SemTable::cleanup(int fNum, bool release)
	{
		fb_assert(fNum > 0 && fNum <= N_FILES);

		if (release)
		{
			filesTable[fNum - 1].name[0] = 0;
		}

		MutexLockGuard guard(idCacheMutex);
		for (int n = 0; n < lastSet; ++n)
		{
			if (set[n].fileNum == fNum)
			{
				if (release)
				{
					Sys5Semaphore sem;
					sem.semSet = n;
					int id = sem.getId();
					if (id >= 0)
					{
						semctl(id, 0, IPC_RMID);
					}
				}
				idCache[n] = -1;
			}
		}
	}

	bool getSem5(Sys5Semaphore* sem)
	{
		Arg::StatusVector status;

		// Lock init file.
		FileLock initLock(status, fd_init, FileLock::OPENED);
		if (!initLock.exclusive())
			return false;

		// Find out what file does it belong to.
		SharedFile* sf = SharedFile::locate(sem);
		if (!sf)
		{
			return false;
		}

		return semTable->get(sf->getNum(), sem);
	}

	void freeSem5(Sys5Semaphore* sem)
	{
		Arg::StatusVector status;

		// Lock init file.
		FileLock initLock(status, fd_init, FileLock::OPENED);
		if (!initLock.exclusive())
		{
			iscLogStatus("freeSem5 failed to lock init file", status.value());
			return;
		}

		semTable->put(sem);
	}
}

int Sys5Semaphore::getId()
{
	MutexLockGuard guard(idCacheMutex);
	fb_assert(semSet >= 0 && semSet < SemTable::N_SETS);

	int id = idCache[semSet];

	if (id < 0)
	{
		Arg::StatusVector status;
		id = create_semaphores(status, semTable->getKey(semSet), SemTable::SEM_PER_SET);
		if (id >= 0)
		{
			idCache[semSet] = id;
		}
		else
		{
			iscLogStatus("create_semaphores failed:", status.value());
		}
	}

	return id;
}
#endif // USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE

#endif // UNIX

#if defined(WIN_NT)
static bool make_object_name(TEXT*, size_t, const TEXT*, const TEXT*);
#endif

#if defined FREEBSD || defined NETBSD || defined DARWIN || defined HPUX
#define sigset      signal
#endif


static bool event_blocked(const event_t* event, const SLONG value)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	e v e n t _ b l o c k e d
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	If a wait would block, return true.
 *
 **************************************/

	if (event->event_count >= value)
	{
#ifdef DEBUG_ISC_SYNC
		printf("event_blocked: FALSE (eg something to report)\n");
		fflush(stdout);
#endif
		return false;
	}

#ifdef DEBUG_ISC_SYNC
	printf("event_blocked: TRUE (eg nothing happened yet)\n");
	fflush(stdout);
#endif
	return true;
}


#ifdef USE_POSIX_THREADS

#ifdef USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE

namespace {

GlobalPtr<Mutex> timerAccess;
GlobalPtr<Semaphore> timerWakeup, timerFini;

void stopTimers(void*);
bool stopThread = false;

struct TimerEntry
{
	SINT64 fireTime;
	int semId;
	USHORT semNum;

	static const SINT64& generate(const void* /*sender*/, const TimerEntry& item) { return item.fireTime; }
	static THREAD_ENTRY_DECLARE timeThread(THREAD_ENTRY_PARAM);

	static void init()
	{
		int rc = gds__thread_start(timeThread, 0, 0, 0, 0);
		if (rc != 0)
		{
			fatal_exception::raiseFmt("Error starting timer thread");
		}
		gds__register_cleanup(stopTimers, 0);
	}

	static void cleanup()
	{
		stopThread = true;
		timerWakeup->release();
		timerFini->enter();
	}
};

typedef SortedArray<TimerEntry, InlineStorage<TimerEntry, 64>, SINT64, TimerEntry> TimerQueue;
GlobalPtr<TimerQueue> timerQueue;

InitMutex<TimerEntry> timerHolder;

SINT64 curTime()
{
	struct timeval cur_time;
	struct timezone tzUnused;

	if (gettimeofday(&cur_time, &tzUnused) != 0)
	{
		system_call_failed::raise("gettimeofday");
	}

	SINT64 timeout = ((SINT64) cur_time.tv_sec) * 1000000 + cur_time.tv_usec;
	return timeout;
}

SINT64 addTimer(Sys5Semaphore* sem, int microSeconds)
{
	timerHolder.init();

	TimerEntry newTimer;
	newTimer.fireTime = curTime() + microSeconds;
	newTimer.semId = sem->getId();
	newTimer.semNum = sem->semNum;

	MutexLockGuard guard(timerAccess);

	timerQueue->add(newTimer);
	timerWakeup->release();

	return newTimer.fireTime;
}

void delTimer(Sys5Semaphore* sem)
{
	const int id = sem->getId();

	MutexLockGuard guard(timerAccess);

	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < timerQueue->getCount(); ++i)
	{
		const TimerEntry& e(timerQueue->operator[](i));
		if (e.semNum == sem->semNum && e.semId == id)
		{
			timerQueue->remove(i);
			return;
		}
	}
}

void stopTimers(void*)
{
	timerHolder.cleanup();
}

THREAD_ENTRY_DECLARE TimerEntry::timeThread(THREAD_ENTRY_PARAM)
{
	while (!stopThread)
	{
		int microSeconds = 0;
		{
			MutexLockGuard guard(timerAccess);

			const SINT64 cur = curTime();
			while (timerQueue->getCount() > 0)
			{
				const TimerEntry& e(timerQueue->operator[](0));
				if (e.fireTime <= cur)
				{
					for (;;)
					{
						union semun arg;
						arg.val = 0;
						int ret = semctl(e.semId, e.semNum, SETVAL, arg);
						if (ret != -1)
							break;
						if (!SYSCALL_INTERRUPTED(errno))
						{
							break;
						}
					}
					timerQueue->remove((size_t) 0);
				}
				else
				{
					microSeconds = e.fireTime - cur;
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		if (microSeconds)
		{
			timerWakeup->tryEnter(0, microSeconds / 1000);
		}
		else
		{
			timerWakeup->enter();
		}
	}

	timerFini->release();
	return 0;
}

} // namespace


SLONG ISC_event_clear(event_t* event)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ c l e a r	( S Y S V )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Clear an event preparatory to waiting on it.  The order of
 *	battle for event synchronization is:
 *
 *	    1.  Clear event.
 *	    2.  Test data structure for event already completed
 *	    3.  Wait on event.timerQueue[0].
 *
 **************************************/
	union semun arg;

	arg.val = 1;
	if (semctl(event->getId(), event->semNum, SETVAL, arg) < 0)
	{
		iscLogStatus("event_clear()",
			(Arg::Gds(isc_sys_request) << Arg::Str("semctl") << SYS_ERR(errno)).value());
	}

	return (event->event_count + 1);
}


void ISC_event_fini(event_t* event)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ f i n i	( S Y S V )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Discard an event object.
 *
 **************************************/
	IPC_TRACE(("ISC_event_fini set=%d num=%d\n", event->semSet, event->semNum));
	freeSem5(event);
}


int ISC_event_init(event_t* event)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ i n i t	( S Y S V )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Prepare an event object for use.
 *
 **************************************/

	event->event_count = 0;

	if (!getSem5(event))
	{
		IPC_TRACE(("ISC_event_init failed get sem %p\n", event));
		return FB_FAILURE;
	}

	IPC_TRACE(("ISC_event_init set=%d num=%d\n", event->semSet, event->semNum));

	union semun arg;
	arg.val = 0;
	if (semctl(event->getId(), event->semNum, SETVAL, arg) < 0)
	{
		iscLogStatus("event_init()",
			(Arg::Gds(isc_sys_request) << Arg::Str("semctl") << SYS_ERR(errno)).value());
		return FB_FAILURE;
	}

	return FB_SUCCESS;
}


int ISC_event_post(event_t* event)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ p o s t	( S Y S V )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Post an event to wake somebody else up.
 *
 **************************************/
	union semun arg;

	++event->event_count;

	for (;;)
	{
		arg.val = 0;
		int ret = semctl(event->getId(), event->semNum, SETVAL, arg);
		if (ret != -1)
			break;
		if (!SYSCALL_INTERRUPTED(errno))
		{
			gds__log("ISC_event_post: semctl failed with errno = %d", errno);
			return FB_FAILURE;
		}
	}

	return FB_SUCCESS;
}


int ISC_event_wait(event_t* event, SLONG value, const SLONG micro_seconds)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ w a i t	( S Y S V )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Wait on an event.  If timeout limit specified, return
 *	anyway after the timeout even if no event has
 *	happened.  If returning due to timeout, return
 *	FB_FAILURE else return FB_SUCCESS.
 *
 **************************************/
	//sigset_t mask, oldmask;

	// If we're not blocked, the rest is a gross waste of time
	if (!event_blocked(event, value))
		return FB_SUCCESS;

	// Set up timers if a timeout period was specified.

	//struct itimerval user_timer;
	//struct sigaction user_handler;
	//struct timeval cur_time;
	//struct timezone tzUnused;
	SINT64 timeout = 0;
	if (micro_seconds > 0)
	{
		timeout = addTimer(event, micro_seconds);
	}

	// Go into wait loop

	int ret = FB_SUCCESS;
	for (;;)
	{
		if (!event_blocked(event, value))
			break;

		struct sembuf sb;
		sb.sem_op = 0;
		sb.sem_flg = 0;
		sb.sem_num = event->semNum;

		int rc = semop(event->getId(), &sb, 1);
		if (rc == -1 && !SYSCALL_INTERRUPTED(errno))
		{
			gds__log("ISC_event_wait: semop failed with errno = %d", errno);
		}

		if (micro_seconds > 0)
		{
			// distinguish between timeout and actually happened event
			if (! event_blocked(event, value))
				break;

			// had timeout expired?
			if (curTime() >= timeout)	// really expired
			{
				ret = FB_FAILURE;
				break;
			}
		}
	}

	// Cancel the handler.  We only get here if a timeout was specified.
	if (micro_seconds > 0)
	{
		delTimer(event);
	}

	return ret;
}

#else //not USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE

namespace {
int isPthreadError(int rc, const char* function)
{
	if (rc == 0)
		return 0;
	iscLogStatus("Pthread Error",
		(Arg::Gds(isc_sys_request) << Arg::Str(function) << Arg::Unix(rc)).value());
	return rc;
}
}
#define PTHREAD_ERROR(x) if (isPthreadError((x), #x)) return FB_FAILURE
#define PTHREAD_ERRNO(x) { int tmpState = (x); if (isPthreadError(tmpState, #x)) return tmpState; }
#define LOG_PTHREAD_ERROR(x) isPthreadError((x), #x)

SLONG ISC_event_clear(event_t* event)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ c l e a r	( P O S I X _ T H R E A D S )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Clear an event preparatory to waiting on it.  The order of
 *	battle for event synchronization is:
 *
 *	    1.  Clear event.
 *	    2.  Test data structure for event already completed
 *	    3.  Wait on event.
 *
 **************************************/
	LOG_PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutex_lock(event->event_mutex));
	const SLONG ret = event->event_count + 1;
	LOG_PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutex_unlock(event->event_mutex));
	return ret;
}


void ISC_event_fini(event_t* event)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ f i n i	( P O S I X _ T H R E A D S )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Discard an event object.
 *
 **************************************/

	if (event->pid == getpid())
	{
		LOG_PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutex_destroy(event->event_mutex));
		LOG_PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_cond_destroy(event->event_cond));
	}
}


int ISC_event_init(event_t* event)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ i n i t	( P O S I X _ T H R E A D S )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Prepare an event object for use.
 *
 **************************************/
	event->event_count = 0;
	event->pid = getpid();

	// Prepare an Inter-Process event block
	pthread_mutexattr_t mattr;
	pthread_condattr_t cattr;

	PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutexattr_init(&mattr));
	PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_condattr_init(&cattr));
#ifdef PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED
	PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(&mattr, PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED));
	PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_condattr_setpshared(&cattr, PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED));
#else
#error Your system must support PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED to use firebird.
#endif
	PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutex_init(event->event_mutex, &mattr));
	PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_cond_init(event->event_cond, &cattr));
	PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutexattr_destroy(&mattr));
	PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_condattr_destroy(&cattr));

	return FB_SUCCESS;
}


int ISC_event_post(event_t* event)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ p o s t	( P O S I X _ T H R E A D S )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Post an event to wake somebody else up.
 *
 **************************************/
	PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutex_lock(event->event_mutex));
	++event->event_count;
	const int ret = pthread_cond_broadcast(event->event_cond);
	PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutex_unlock(event->event_mutex));
	if (ret)
	{
		gds__log ("ISC_event_post: pthread_cond_broadcast failed with errno = %d", ret);
		return FB_FAILURE;
	}

	return FB_SUCCESS;
}


int ISC_event_wait(event_t* event, const SLONG value, const SLONG micro_seconds)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ w a i t	( P O S I X _ T H R E A D S )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Wait on an event.  If timeout limit specified, return
 *	anyway after the timeout even if no event has
 *	happened.  If returning due to timeout, return
 *	FB_FAILURE else return FB_SUCCESS.
 *
 **************************************/

	// If we're not blocked, the rest is a gross waste of time

	if (!event_blocked(event, value))
		return FB_SUCCESS;

	// Set up timers if a timeout period was specified.

	struct timespec timer;
	if (micro_seconds > 0)
	{
		timer.tv_sec = time(NULL);
		timer.tv_sec += micro_seconds / 1000000;
		timer.tv_nsec = 1000 * (micro_seconds % 1000000);
	}

	int ret = FB_SUCCESS;
	pthread_mutex_lock(event->event_mutex);
	for (;;)
	{
		if (!event_blocked(event, value))
		{
			ret = FB_SUCCESS;
			break;
		}

		// The Posix pthread_cond_wait & pthread_cond_timedwait calls
		// atomically release the mutex and start a wait.
		// The mutex is reacquired before the call returns.
		if (micro_seconds > 0)
		{
			ret = pthread_cond_timedwait(event->event_cond, event->event_mutex, &timer);

#if (defined LINUX || defined DARWIN || defined HP11 || defined FREEBSD)
			if (ret == ETIMEDOUT)
#else
			if (ret == ETIME)
#endif
			{

				// The timer expired - see if the event occurred and return
				// FB_SUCCESS or FB_FAILURE accordingly.

				if (event_blocked(event, value))
					ret = FB_FAILURE;
				else
					ret = FB_SUCCESS;
				break;
			}
		}
		else
			ret = pthread_cond_wait(event->event_cond, event->event_mutex);
	}
	pthread_mutex_unlock(event->event_mutex);
	return ret;
}

#endif // USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE
#endif // USE_POSIX_THREADS


#ifdef WIN_NT
SLONG ISC_event_clear(event_t* event)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ c l e a r	( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Clear an event preparatory to waiting on it.  The order of
 *	battle for event synchronization is:
 *
 *	    1.  Clear event.
 *	    2.  Test data structure for event already completed
 *	    3.  Wait on event.
 *
 **************************************/

	ResetEvent((HANDLE) event->event_handle);

	return event->event_count + 1;
}


void ISC_event_fini(event_t* event)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ f i n i	( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Discard an event object.
 *
 **************************************/

	if (event->event_pid == process_id)
	{
		CloseHandle((HANDLE) event->event_handle);
	}
}


int ISC_event_init(event_t* event)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ i n i t	( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Prepare an event object for use.
 *
 **************************************/

#ifdef SUPERSERVER
	event->event_id = 0;
#else
	static int idCounter = 0;		// Should it be AtomicCounter? AP-2008

	event->event_id = ++idCounter;
#endif

	event->event_pid = process_id = getpid();
	event->event_count = 0;

	event->event_handle = ISC_make_signal(true, true, process_id, event->event_id);

	return (event->event_handle) ? FB_SUCCESS : FB_FAILURE;
}


int ISC_event_post(event_t* event)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ p o s t	( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Post an event to wake somebody else up.
 *
 **************************************/

	++event->event_count;

	if (event->event_pid != process_id)
		return ISC_kill(event->event_pid, event->event_id, event->event_handle);

	return SetEvent((HANDLE) event->event_handle) ? FB_SUCCESS : FB_FAILURE;
}


int ISC_event_wait(event_t* event, const SLONG value, const SLONG micro_seconds)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e v e n t _ w a i t	( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Wait on an event.
 *
 **************************************/
	// If we're not blocked, the rest is a gross waste of time

	if (!event_blocked(event, value)) {
		return FB_SUCCESS;
	}

	// Go into wait loop

	const DWORD timeout = (micro_seconds > 0) ? micro_seconds / 1000 : INFINITE;

	for (;;)
	{
		if (!event_blocked(event, value)) {
			return FB_SUCCESS;
		}

		const DWORD status = WaitForSingleObject(event->event_handle, timeout);

		if (status != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
		{
			return FB_FAILURE;
		}
	}
}

#endif // WIN_NT


#ifdef UNIX
ULONG ISC_exception_post(ULONG sig_num, const TEXT* err_msg)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e x c e p t i o n _ p o s t ( U N I X )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *     When we got a sync exception, fomulate the error code
 *     write it to the log file, and abort.
 *
 * 08-Mar-2004, Nickolay Samofatov.
 *   This function is dangerous and requires rewrite using signal-safe operations only.
 *   Main problem is that we call a lot of signal-unsafe functions from this signal handler,
 *   examples are gds__alloc, gds__log, etc... sprintf is safe on some BSD platforms,
 *   but not on Linux. This may result in lock-up during signal handling.
 *
 **************************************/
	// If there's no err_msg, we asumed the switch() finds no case or we crash.
	// Too much goodwill put on the caller. Weak programming style.
	// Therefore, lifted this safety net from the NT version.
	if (!err_msg)
	{
		err_msg = "";
	}

	TEXT* const log_msg = (TEXT *) gds__alloc(strlen(err_msg) + 256);
	// NOMEM: crash!
	log_msg[0] = '\0';

	switch (sig_num)
	{
	case SIGSEGV:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Segmentation Fault.\n"
				"\t\tThe code attempted to access memory\n"
				"\t\twithout privilege to do so.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case SIGBUS:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Bus Error.\n"
				"\t\tThe code caused a system bus error.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case SIGILL:

		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Illegal Instruction.\n"
				"\t\tThe code attempted to perfrom an\n"
				"\t\tillegal operation."
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;

	case SIGFPE:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Floating Point Error.\n"
				"\t\tThe code caused an arithmetic exception\n"
				"\t\tor floating point exception."
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	default:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Unknown Exception.\n"
				"\t\tException number %"ULONGFORMAT"."
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg, sig_num);
		break;
	}

	if (err_msg)
	{
		gds__log(log_msg);
		gds__free(log_msg);
	}
	abort();

	return 0;	// compiler silencer
}
#endif // UNIX


#ifdef WIN_NT
ULONG ISC_exception_post(ULONG except_code, const TEXT* err_msg)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ e x c e p t i o n _ p o s t ( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *     When we got a sync exception, fomulate the error code
 *     write it to the log file, and abort. Note: We can not
 *     actually call "abort" since in windows this will cause
 *     a dialog to appear stating the obvious!  Since on NT we
 *     would not get a core file, there is actually no difference
 *     between abort() and exit(3).
 *
 **************************************/
	ULONG result = 0;
	bool is_critical = true;

	if (!err_msg)
	{
		err_msg = "";
	}

	TEXT* log_msg = (TEXT*) gds__alloc(strlen(err_msg) + 256);
	// NOMEM: crash!
	log_msg[0] = '\0';

	switch (except_code)
	{
	case EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Access violation.\n"
				"\t\tThe code attempted to access a virtual\n"
				"\t\taddress without privilege to do so.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case EXCEPTION_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Datatype misalignment.\n"
				"\t\tThe attempted to read or write a value\n"
				"\t\tthat was not stored on a memory boundary.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case EXCEPTION_ARRAY_BOUNDS_EXCEEDED:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Array bounds exceeded.\n"
				"\t\tThe code attempted to access an array\n"
				"\t\telement that is out of bounds.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Float denormal operand.\n"
				"\t\tOne of the floating-point operands is too\n"
				"\t\tsmall to represent as a standard floating-point\n"
				"\t\tvalue.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case EXCEPTION_FLT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Floating-point divide by zero.\n"
				"\t\tThe code attempted to divide a floating-point\n"
				"\t\tvalue by a floating-point divisor of zero.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case EXCEPTION_FLT_INEXACT_RESULT:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Floating-point inexact result.\n"
				"\t\tThe result of a floating-point operation cannot\n"
				"\t\tbe represented exactly as a decimal fraction.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Floating-point invalid operand.\n"
				"\t\tAn indeterminant error occurred during a\n"
				"\t\tfloating-point operation.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Floating-point overflow.\n"
				"\t\tThe exponent of a floating-point operation\n"
				"\t\tis greater than the magnitude allowed.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Floating-point stack check.\n"
				"\t\tThe stack overflowed or underflowed as the\n"
				"result of a floating-point operation.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Floating-point underflow.\n"
				"\t\tThe exponent of a floating-point operation\n"
				"\t\tis less than the magnitude allowed.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Integer divide by zero.\n"
				"\t\tThe code attempted to divide an integer value\n"
				"\t\tby an integer divisor of zero.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW:
		sprintf(log_msg, "%s Interger overflow.\n"
				"\t\tThe result of an integer operation caused the\n"
				"\t\tmost significant bit of the result to carry.\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg);
		break;
	case EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW:
		status_exception::raise(Arg::Gds(isc_exception_stack_overflow));
		// This will never be called, but to be safe it's here
		result = (ULONG) EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
		is_critical = false;
		break;

	case EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT:
	case EXCEPTION_SINGLE_STEP:
	case EXCEPTION_NONCONTINUABLE_EXCEPTION:
	case EXCEPTION_INVALID_DISPOSITION:
	case EXCEPTION_PRIV_INSTRUCTION:
	case EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR:
	case EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION:
	case EXCEPTION_GUARD_PAGE:
		// Pass these exception on to someone else, probably the OS or the debugger,
		// since there isn't a dam thing we can do with them
		result = EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
		is_critical = false;
		break;
	case 0xE06D7363: // E == Exception. 0x6D7363 == "msc". Intel and Borland use the same code to be compatible
		// If we've caught our own software exception,
		// continue rewinding the stack to properly handle it
		// and deliver an error information to the client side
		result = EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
		is_critical = false;
		break;
	default:
		sprintf (log_msg, "%s An exception occurred that does\n"
				"\t\tnot have a description.  Exception number %"XLONGFORMAT".\n"
				"\tThis exception will cause the Firebird server\n"
				"\tto terminate abnormally.", err_msg, except_code);
		break;
	}

	if (is_critical)
	{
		gds__log(log_msg);
	}

	gds__free(log_msg);

	if (is_critical)
	{
		if (Config::getBugcheckAbort())
		{
			// Pass exception to outer handler in case debugger is present to collect memory dump
			return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
		}

		// Silently exit so guardian or service manager can restart the server.
		// If exception is getting out of the application Windows displays a message
		// asking if you want to send report to Microsoft or attach debugger,
		// application is not terminated until you press some button on resulting window.
		// This happens even if you run application as non-interactive service on
		// "server" OS like Windows Server 2003.
		exit(3);
	}

	return result;
}
#endif // WIN_NT

void SharedMemoryBase::removeMapFile()
{
#ifndef WIN_NT
	TEXT expanded_filename[MAXPATHLEN];
	gds__prefix_lock(expanded_filename, sh_mem_name);

	// We can't do much (specially in dtors) when it fails
	// therefore do not check for errors - at least it's just /tmp.
	unlink(expanded_filename);
#endif // WIN_NT
}

#ifdef UNIX

bool SharedMemoryBase::mapFile(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector,
							   const TEXT* filename, ULONG length)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m a p _ f i l e		( U N I X - m m a p )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Try to map a given file.  If we are the first (i.e. only)
 *	process to map the file, call a given initialization
 *	routine (if given) or punt (leaving the file unmapped).
 *
 **************************************/

	setHeader(NULL);

	TEXT expanded_filename[MAXPATHLEN];
	gds__prefix_lock(expanded_filename, filename);

	// make the complete filename for the init file this file is to be used as a
	// master lock to eliminate possible race conditions with just a single file
	// locking. The race condition is caused as the conversion of a EXCLUSIVE
	// lock to a LCK_SHARED lock is not atomic

	TEXT init_filename[MAXPATHLEN];
	gds__prefix_lock(init_filename, INIT_FILE);

	const bool trunc_flag = (length != 0);

	// open the init lock file
	MutexLockGuard guard(openFdInit);

#ifdef USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE
	if (fd_init < 0)
#else
	int
#endif
		fd_init = os_utils::openCreateSharedFile(init_filename, 0);
	if (fd_init == -1)
	{
		error(statusVector, "open", errno);
		return false;
	}

	// get an exclusive lock on the INIT file with blocking
	FileLock initLock(statusVector, fd_init);
#ifdef USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE
	initLock.setDtorMode(FileLock::OPENED);
#endif
	if (!initLock.exclusive())
	{
		return false;
	}

	// init file is locked - no races possible later in this function

#ifdef USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE
	if (fdSem < 0)
	{
		TEXT sem_filename[MAXPATHLEN];
		gds__prefix_lock(sem_filename, SEM_FILE);
		const int f = os_utils::openCreateSharedFile(sem_filename, 0);
		if (f == -1)
		{
			error(statusVector, "open", errno);
			return false;
		}
		void* sTab = mmap(0, sizeof(SemTable), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, f, 0);
		if ((U_IPTR) sTab == (U_IPTR) -1)
		{
			error(statusVector, "mmap", errno);
			return false;
		}

		fdSem = f;
		semTable = (SemTable*) sTab;
		initCache();
	}
	fb_assert(semTable);

	FileLock semLock(statusVector, fdSem, FileLock::OPENED);

	if (semLock.tryExclusive())
	{
		semTable->init();
	}
	if (!semLock.shared())
	{
		return false;
	}
#endif

	// open the file to be inited
	const int fd = os_utils::openCreateSharedFile(expanded_filename, 0);
	if (fd == -1)
	{
		error(statusVector, "open", errno);
		return false;
	}

	// create lock in order to have file autoclosed on error
	FileLock mainLock(statusVector, fd);

	if (length == 0)
	{
		// Get and use the existing length of the shared segment
		struct stat file_stat;
		if (fstat(fd, &file_stat) == -1)
		{
			error(statusVector, "fstat", errno);
			return false;
		}
		length = file_stat.st_size;

		if (length == 0)
		{
			// keep old text of message here -  will be assigned a bit later
			error(statusVector, "shmem_data->sh_mem_length_mapped is 0", 0);
			return false;
		}
	}

	// map file to memory
	void* const address = mmap(0, length, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
	if ((U_IPTR) address == (U_IPTR) -1)
	{
		error(statusVector, "mmap", errno);
		return false;
	}

#ifdef USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE
	// register mapped file
	// this class is needed to auto-unregister it in case of failure
	class sfHolder
	{
	public:
		explicit sfHolder(const SharedFile& sf) : pop(true)
		{
			SharedFile::push(sf);
		}

		void materialize()
		{
			pop = false;
		}

		~sfHolder()
		{
			if (pop)
			{
				SharedFile::pop();
			}
		}
	private:
		bool pop;
	};
	sfHolder holder(SharedFile(expanded_filename, address, length));
#endif

	MemoryHeader* hdr = (MemoryHeader*) address;
	setHeader(hdr);
	sh_mem_length_mapped = length;
	sh_mem_handle = fd;
	strcpy(sh_mem_name, filename);

#if defined(HAVE_OBJECT_MAP) && (!defined(USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE))
	sh_mem_mutex = (mtx*) mapObject(statusVector, OFFSET(MemoryHeader*, mhb_mutex), sizeof(mtx));
	if (!sh_mem_mutex)
	{
		munmap(address, length);
		setHeader(NULL);
		return false;
	}
#else
	sh_mem_mutex = &hdr->mhb_mutex;
#endif

	// Try to get an exclusive lock on the lock file.  This will
	// fail if somebody else has the exclusive or shared lock

	if (mainLock.tryExclusive())
	{
		if (trunc_flag)
			ftruncate(fd, length);

		if (initialize(true))
		{
			int mtxState = ISC_mutex_init(sh_mem_mutex);
			if (mtxState != 0)
			{
				mutexBug(mtxState, "ISC_init_mutex");
			}

			if (!mainLock.tryShared())
			{
				munmap(address, length);
				setHeader(NULL);
				return false;
			}
		}
	}
	else
	{
		if (initialize(false))
		{
			if (!mainLock.tryShared())
			{
				munmap(address, length);
				setHeader(NULL);
				return false;
			}
		}
	}

	// keep opened the shared file_decriptor
	mainLock.setDtorMode(FileLock::LOCKED);
#ifdef USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE
	// keep shared lock before last shared memory region unmapped
	semLock.setDtorMode(FileLock::LOCKED);
	++sharedCount;
	// keep registered mapped file permanently
	holder.materialize();
#endif

	return true;
}

#endif // UNIX


#ifdef WIN_NT
bool SharedMemoryBase::mapFile(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector,
							   const TEXT* filename, ULONG length)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m a p _ f i l e		( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Try to map a given file.  If we are the first (i.e. only)
 *	process to map the file, call a given initialization
 *	routine (if given) or punt (leaving the file unmapped).
 *
 **************************************/

	setHeader(NULL);

	ISC_mutex_init(&sh_mem_winMutex, filename);
	sh_mem_mutex = &sh_mem_winMutex;

	HANDLE file_handle;
	HANDLE event_handle = 0;
	int retry_count = 0;

	TEXT expanded_filename[MAXPATHLEN];
	gds__prefix_lock(expanded_filename, filename);

	const bool trunc_flag = (length != 0);
	bool init_flag = false;

	// retry to attach to mmapped file if the process initializing dies during initialization.

  retry:
	if (retry_count++ > 0)
		THD_sleep(10);

	file_handle = CreateFile(expanded_filename,
							 GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
							 FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
							 NULL,
							 OPEN_ALWAYS,
							 FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
							 NULL);
	DWORD err = GetLastError();
	if (file_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
	{
		if (err == ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION)
			goto retry;

		error(statusVector, "CreateFile", GetLastError());
		return false;
	}

	// Check if file already exists

	const bool file_exists = (err == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS);

	// Create an event that can be used to determine if someone has already
	// initialized shared memory.

	TEXT object_name[MAXPATHLEN];
	if (!make_object_name(object_name, sizeof(object_name), filename, "_event"))
	{
		error(statusVector, "make_object_name", GetLastError());
		CloseHandle(file_handle);
		return false;
	}

	if (!init_flag)
	{
		event_handle = CreateEvent(ISC_get_security_desc(), TRUE, FALSE, object_name);
		if (!event_handle)
		{
			error(statusVector, "CreateEvent", GetLastError());
			CloseHandle(file_handle);
			return false;
		}

		init_flag = (GetLastError() != ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS);

		if (init_flag && false)
		{
			CloseHandle(event_handle);
			CloseHandle(file_handle);
			statusVector << Arg::Gds(isc_unavailable);
			return false;
		}
	}

	if (length == 0)
	{
		// Get and use the existing length of the shared segment

		if ((length = GetFileSize(file_handle, NULL)) == -1)
		{
			error(statusVector, "GetFileSize", GetLastError());
			CloseHandle(event_handle);
			CloseHandle(file_handle);
			return false;
		}
	}

	// All but the initializer will wait until the event is set.  That
	// is done after initialization is complete.
	// Close the file and wait for the event to be set or time out.
	// The file may be truncated.

	CloseHandle(file_handle);

	if (!init_flag)
	{
		// Wait for 10 seconds.  Then retry

		const DWORD ret_event = WaitForSingleObject(event_handle, 10000);

		// If we timed out, just retry.  It is possible that the
		// process doing the initialization died before setting the event.

		if (ret_event == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
		{
			CloseHandle(event_handle);
			if (retry_count > 10)
			{
				error(statusVector, "WaitForSingleObject", 0);
				return false;
			}
			goto retry;
		}
	}

	DWORD fdw_create;
	if (init_flag && file_exists && trunc_flag)
		fdw_create = TRUNCATE_EXISTING;
	else
		fdw_create = OPEN_ALWAYS;

	file_handle = CreateFile(expanded_filename,
							 GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
							 FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
							 NULL,
							 fdw_create,
							 FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
							 NULL);
	if (file_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
	{
		const DWORD err = GetLastError();

		if ((err == ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION) || (err == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND && fdw_create == TRUNCATE_EXISTING))
		{
			if (!init_flag) {
				CloseHandle(event_handle);
			}
			goto retry;
		}

		if (err == ERROR_USER_MAPPED_FILE && init_flag && file_exists && trunc_flag)
			statusVector << Arg::Gds(isc_instance_conflict);
		else
			error(statusVector, "CreateFile", err);

		CloseHandle(event_handle);
		return false;
	}

	// Create a file mapping object that will be used to make remapping possible.
	// The current length of real mapped file and its name are saved in it.

	if (!make_object_name(object_name, sizeof(object_name), filename, "_mapping"))
	{
		error(statusVector, "make_object_name", GetLastError());
		CloseHandle(event_handle);
		CloseHandle(file_handle);
		return false;
	}

	HANDLE header_obj = CreateFileMapping(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE,
										  ISC_get_security_desc(),
										  PAGE_READWRITE,
										  0, 2 * sizeof(ULONG),
										  object_name);
	if (header_obj == NULL)
	{
		error(statusVector, "CreateFileMapping", GetLastError());
		CloseHandle(event_handle);
		CloseHandle(file_handle);
		return false;
	}

	if (!init_flag && GetLastError() != ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS)
	{
		// We have made header_obj but we are not initializing.
		// Previous owner is closed and clear all header_data.
		// One need to retry.
		CloseHandle(header_obj);
		CloseHandle(event_handle);
		CloseHandle(file_handle);
		goto retry;
	}

	ULONG* const header_address = (ULONG*) MapViewOfFile(header_obj, FILE_MAP_WRITE, 0, 0, 0);

	if (header_address == NULL)
	{
		error(statusVector, "MapViewOfFile", GetLastError());
		CloseHandle(header_obj);
		CloseHandle(event_handle);
		CloseHandle(file_handle);
		return false;
	}

	// Set or get the true length of the file depending on whether or not we are the first user.

	if (init_flag)
	{
		header_address[0] = length;
		header_address[1] = 0;
	}
	else
		length = header_address[0];

	// Create the real file mapping object.

	TEXT mapping_name[64]; // enough for int32 as text
	sprintf(mapping_name, "_mapping_%"ULONGFORMAT, header_address[1]);

	if (!make_object_name(object_name, sizeof(object_name), filename, mapping_name))
	{
		error(statusVector, "make_object_name", GetLastError());
		UnmapViewOfFile(header_address);
		CloseHandle(header_obj);
		CloseHandle(event_handle);
		CloseHandle(file_handle);
		return false;
	}

	HANDLE file_obj = CreateFileMapping(file_handle,
										ISC_get_security_desc(),
										PAGE_READWRITE,
										0, length,
										object_name);
	if (file_obj == NULL)
	{
		error(statusVector, "CreateFileMapping", GetLastError());
		UnmapViewOfFile(header_address);
		CloseHandle(header_obj);
		CloseHandle(event_handle);
		CloseHandle(file_handle);
		return false;
	}

	UCHAR* const address = (UCHAR*) MapViewOfFile(file_obj, FILE_MAP_WRITE, 0, 0, 0);

	if (address == NULL)
	{
		error(statusVector, "MapViewOfFile", GetLastError());
		CloseHandle(file_obj);
		UnmapViewOfFile(header_address);
		CloseHandle(header_obj);
		CloseHandle(event_handle);
		CloseHandle(file_handle);
		return false;
	}

	MemoryHeader* hdr = (MemoryHeader*) address;
	setHeader(hdr);
	sh_mem_length_mapped = length;

	if (!sh_mem_length_mapped)
	{
		error(statusVector, "sh_mem_length_mapped is 0", 0);
		return false;
	}

	sh_mem_handle = file_handle;
	sh_mem_object = file_obj;
	sh_mem_interest = event_handle;
	sh_mem_hdr_object = header_obj;
	sh_mem_hdr_address = header_address;
	strcpy(sh_mem_name, filename);

	initialize(init_flag);

	if (init_flag)
	{
		FlushViewOfFile(address, 0);
		SetEvent(event_handle);
		if (SetFilePointer(sh_mem_handle, length, NULL, FILE_BEGIN) == INVALID_SET_FILE_POINTER ||
			!SetEndOfFile(sh_mem_handle) ||
			!FlushViewOfFile(address, 0))
		{
			error(statusVector, "SetFilePointer", GetLastError());
			return false;
		}
	}

	return true;
}
#endif


#ifdef HAVE_MMAP

UCHAR* SharedMemoryBase::mapObject(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector, ULONG object_offset, ULONG object_length)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m a p _ o b j e c t
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Try to map an object given a file mapping.
 *
 **************************************/

	// Get system page size as this is the unit of mapping.

#ifdef SOLARIS
	const long ps = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
	if (ps == -1)
	{
		error(statusVector, "sysconf", errno);
		return NULL;
	}
#else
	const int ps = getpagesize();
	if (ps == -1)
	{
		error(statusVector, "getpagesize", errno);
		return NULL;
	}
#endif
	const ULONG page_size = (ULONG) ps;

	// Compute the start and end page-aligned offsets which contain the object being mapped.

	const ULONG start = (object_offset / page_size) * page_size;
	const ULONG end = FB_ALIGN(object_offset + object_length, page_size);
	const ULONG length = end - start;
	int fd = sh_mem_handle;

	UCHAR* address = (UCHAR*) mmap(0, length, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, start);

	if ((U_IPTR) address == (U_IPTR) -1)
	{
		error(statusVector, "mmap", errno);
		return NULL;
	}

	// Return the virtual address of the mapped object.

	IPC_TRACE(("ISC_map_object in %p to %p %p\n", shmem_data->sh_mem_address, address, address + length));

	return address + (object_offset - start);
}


void SharedMemoryBase::unmapObject(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector, UCHAR** object_pointer, ULONG object_length)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ u n m a p _ o b j e c t
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Try to unmap an object given a file mapping.
 *	Zero the object pointer after a successful unmap.
 *
 **************************************/
	// Get system page size as this is the unit of mapping.

#ifdef SOLARIS
	const long ps = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
	if (ps == -1)
	{
		error(statusVector, "sysconf", errno);
		return;
	}
#else
	const int ps = getpagesize();
	if (ps == -1)
	{
		error(statusVector, "getpagesize", errno);
		return;
	}
#endif
	const size_t page_size = (ULONG) ps;

	// Compute the start and end page-aligned addresses which contain the mapped object.

	char* const start = (char*) ((U_IPTR) (*object_pointer) & ~(page_size - 1));
	char* const end =
		(char*) ((U_IPTR) ((*object_pointer + object_length) + (page_size - 1)) & ~(page_size - 1));
	const size_t length = end - start;

	if (munmap(start, length) == -1)
	{
		error(statusVector, "munmap", errno);
		return; // false;
	}

	*object_pointer = NULL;
	return; // true;
}
#endif // HAVE_MMAP


#ifdef WIN_NT

UCHAR* SharedMemoryBase::mapObject(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector,
								   ULONG object_offset,
								   ULONG object_length)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m a p _ o b j e c t
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Try to map an object given a file mapping.
 *
 **************************************/

	SYSTEM_INFO sys_info;
	GetSystemInfo(&sys_info);
	const ULONG page_size = sys_info.dwAllocationGranularity;

	// Compute the start and end page-aligned offsets which
	// contain the object being mapped.

	const ULONG start = (object_offset / page_size) * page_size;
	const ULONG end = FB_ALIGN(object_offset + object_length, page_size);
	const ULONG length = end - start;
	const HANDLE handle = sh_mem_object;

	UCHAR* address = (UCHAR*) MapViewOfFile(handle, FILE_MAP_WRITE, 0, start, length);

	if (address == NULL)
	{
		error(statusVector, "MapViewOfFile", GetLastError());
		return NULL;
	}

	// Return the virtual address of the mapped object.

	return (address + (object_offset - start));
}


void SharedMemoryBase::unmapObject(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector,
								   UCHAR** object_pointer, ULONG /*object_length*/)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ u n m a p _ o b j e c t
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Try to unmap an object given a file mapping.
 *	Zero the object pointer after a successful unmap.
 *
 **************************************/
	SYSTEM_INFO sys_info;
	GetSystemInfo(&sys_info);
	const size_t page_size = sys_info.dwAllocationGranularity;

	// Compute the start and end page-aligned offsets which
	// contain the object being mapped.

	const UCHAR* start = (UCHAR*) ((U_IPTR) *object_pointer & ~(page_size - 1));
	if (!UnmapViewOfFile(start))
	{
		error(statusVector, "UnmapViewOfFile", GetLastError());
		return;
	}

	*object_pointer = NULL;
}
#endif


#ifdef USE_POSIX_THREADS

#ifdef USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE



int ISC_mutex_init(struct mtx* mutex)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m u t e x _ i n i t	( S Y S V )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Initialize a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/

	if (!getSem5(mutex))
	{
		return FB_FAILURE;
	}

	union semun arg;
	arg.val = 1;
	int state = semctl(mutex->getId(), mutex->semNum, SETVAL, arg);
	if (state == -1)
	{
		return errno;
	}

	return 0;
}


int ISC_mutex_lock(struct mtx* mutex)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m u t e x _ l o c k	( S Y S V )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Seize a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/
	struct sembuf sop;
	sop.sem_num = mutex->semNum;
	sop.sem_op = -1;
	sop.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;

	for (;;)
	{
		int state = semop(mutex->getId(), &sop, 1);
		if (state != -1)
			break;
		if (!SYSCALL_INTERRUPTED(errno))
			return errno;
	}

	return 0;
}


int ISC_mutex_lock_cond(struct mtx* mutex)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m u t e x _ l o c k _ c o n d ( S Y S V )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Conditionally seize a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/
	struct sembuf sop;
	sop.sem_num = mutex->semNum;
	sop.sem_op = -1;
	sop.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO | IPC_NOWAIT;

	for (;;)
	{
		int state = semop(mutex->getId(), &sop, 1);
		if (state != -1)
			break;
		if (!SYSCALL_INTERRUPTED(errno))
			return errno;
	}

	return 0;
}


int ISC_mutex_unlock(struct mtx* mutex)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m u t e x _ u n l o c k ( S Y S V )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Release a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/
	struct sembuf sop;
	sop.sem_num = mutex->semNum;
	sop.sem_op = 1;
	sop.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;

	for (;;)
	{
		int state = semop(mutex->getId(), &sop, 1);
		if (state != -1)
			break;
		if (!SYSCALL_INTERRUPTED(errno))
			return errno;
	}

	return 0;
}

#else // not USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE

#if (defined(HAVE_PTHREAD_MUTEXATTR_SETPROTOCOL) || defined(USE_ROBUST_MUTEX)) && defined(LINUX)
// glibc in linux does not conform to the posix standard. When there is no RT kernel,
// ENOTSUP is returned not by pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol(), but by
// pthread_mutex_init(). Here is a hack to deal with this broken error reporting.
#define BUGGY_LINUX_MUTEX
#endif

#ifdef BUGGY_LINUX_MUTEX
static volatile bool staticBugFlag = false;
#endif

int ISC_mutex_init(struct mtx* mutex)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m u t e x _ i n i t	( P O S I X _ T H R E A D S )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Initialize a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/

#ifdef BUGGY_LINUX_MUTEX
  do
  {
	bool bugFlag = staticBugFlag;
#endif

	pthread_mutexattr_t mattr;

	PTHREAD_ERRNO(pthread_mutexattr_init(&mattr));
#ifdef PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED
	PTHREAD_ERRNO(pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(&mattr, PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED));
#else
#error Your system must support PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED to use Firebird.
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_PTHREAD_MUTEXATTR_SETPROTOCOL
#ifdef BUGGY_LINUX_MUTEX
	if (!bugFlag)
	{
#endif
		int protocolRc = pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol(&mattr, PTHREAD_PRIO_INHERIT);
		if (protocolRc && (protocolRc != ENOTSUP))
		{
			iscLogStatus("Pthread Error", (Arg::Gds(isc_sys_request) <<
				"pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol" << Arg::Unix(protocolRc)).value());
		}
#ifdef BUGGY_LINUX_MUTEX
	}
#endif
#endif

#ifdef USE_ROBUST_MUTEX
#ifdef BUGGY_LINUX_MUTEX
	if (!bugFlag)
	{
#endif
		LOG_PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np(&mattr, PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST_NP));
#ifdef BUGGY_LINUX_MUTEX
	}
#endif
#endif

	memset(mutex->mtx_mutex, 0, sizeof(pthread_mutex_t));
	//int state = LOG_PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutex_init(mutex->mtx_mutex, &mattr));
	int state = pthread_mutex_init(mutex->mtx_mutex, &mattr);

	if (state
#ifdef BUGGY_LINUX_MUTEX
		&& (state != ENOTSUP || bugFlag)
#endif
			 )
	{
		iscLogStatus("Pthread Error", (Arg::Gds(isc_sys_request) <<
			"pthread_mutex_init" << Arg::Unix(state)).value());
	}

	LOG_PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutexattr_destroy(&mattr));

#ifdef BUGGY_LINUX_MUTEX
	if (state == ENOTSUP && !bugFlag)
	{
		staticBugFlag = true;
		continue;
	}

	return state;	// To avoid declaring 'state' out of loop
  } while (false);

  return 0;			// compiler warning silencer
#else

  return state;
#endif
}


int ISC_mutex_lock(struct mtx* mutex)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m u t e x _ l o c k	( P O S I X _ T H R E A D S )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Seize a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/

	int state = pthread_mutex_lock(mutex->mtx_mutex);
#ifdef USE_ROBUST_MUTEX
	if (state == EOWNERDEAD)
	{
		// We always perform check for dead process
		// Therefore may safely mark mutex as recovered
		LOG_PTHREAD_ERROR(pthread_mutex_consistent_np(mutex->mtx_mutex));
		state = 0;
	}
#endif
	return state;
}


int ISC_mutex_lock_cond(struct mtx* mutex)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m u t e x _ l o c k _ c o n d	( P O S I X _ T H R E A D S )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Conditionally seize a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/

	return pthread_mutex_trylock(mutex->mtx_mutex);
}


int ISC_mutex_unlock(struct mtx* mutex)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m u t e x _ u n l o c k		( P O S I X _ T H R E A D S )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Release a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/

	return pthread_mutex_unlock(mutex->mtx_mutex);
}

#endif // USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE

#endif // USE_POSIX_THREADS


#ifdef WIN_NT

static const LPCSTR FAST_MUTEX_EVT_NAME	= "%s_FM_EVT";
static const LPCSTR FAST_MUTEX_MAP_NAME	= "%s_FM_MAP";

static const int DEFAULT_INTERLOCKED_SPIN_COUNT	= 0;
static const int DEFAULT_INTERLOCKED_SPIN_COUNT_SMP	= 200;


typedef WINBASEAPI BOOL (WINAPI *pfnSwitchToThread) ();
static inline BOOL switchToThread()
{
	static pfnSwitchToThread fnSwitchToThread = NULL;
	static bool bInit = false;

	if (!bInit)
	{
		HMODULE hLib = GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll");
		if (hLib) {
			fnSwitchToThread = (pfnSwitchToThread) GetProcAddress(hLib, "SwitchToThread");
		}
		bInit = true;
	}

	BOOL res = FALSE;
	if (fnSwitchToThread)
	{
#if !defined SUPERSERVER
		const HANDLE hThread = GetCurrentThread();
		SetThreadPriority(hThread, THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL);
#endif

		res = (*fnSwitchToThread)();

#if !defined SUPERSERVER
		SetThreadPriority(hThread, THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
#endif
	}

	return res;
}


// MinGW has the wrong declaration for the operating system function.
#if defined __GNUC__
// Cast away volatile
#define FIX_TYPE(arg) const_cast<LPLONG>(arg)
#else
#define FIX_TYPE(arg) arg
#endif


static inline void lockSharedSection(volatile FAST_MUTEX_SHARED_SECTION* lpSect, ULONG SpinCount)
{
	while (InterlockedExchange(FIX_TYPE(&lpSect->lSpinLock), 1) != 0)
	{
		ULONG j = SpinCount;
		while (j != 0)
		{
			if (lpSect->lSpinLock == 0)
				goto next;
			j--;
		}
		switchToThread();
next:;
	}
}

static inline bool tryLockSharedSection(volatile FAST_MUTEX_SHARED_SECTION* lpSect)
{
	return (InterlockedExchange(FIX_TYPE(&lpSect->lSpinLock), 1) == 0);
}

static inline void unlockSharedSection(volatile FAST_MUTEX_SHARED_SECTION* lpSect)
{
	InterlockedExchange(FIX_TYPE(&lpSect->lSpinLock), 0);
}

static DWORD enterFastMutex(FAST_MUTEX* lpMutex, DWORD dwMilliseconds)
{
	volatile FAST_MUTEX_SHARED_SECTION* lpSect = lpMutex->lpSharedInfo;

	while (true)
	{
		if (dwMilliseconds == 0)
		{
			if (!tryLockSharedSection(lpSect))
				return WAIT_TIMEOUT;
		}
		else {
			lockSharedSection(lpSect, lpMutex->lSpinCount);
		}

		if (lpSect->lAvailable > 0)
		{
			lpSect->lAvailable--;
#ifdef _DEBUG
			lpSect->dwThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();
#endif
			unlockSharedSection(lpSect);
			return WAIT_OBJECT_0;
		}

#ifdef _DEBUG
		if (lpSect->dwThreadId == GetCurrentThreadId())
			DebugBreak();
#endif
		if (dwMilliseconds == 0)
		{
			unlockSharedSection(lpSect);
			return WAIT_TIMEOUT;
		}

		InterlockedIncrement(FIX_TYPE(&lpSect->lThreadsWaiting));
		unlockSharedSection(lpSect);

		// TODO actual timeout can be of any length
		const DWORD dwResult = WaitForSingleObject(lpMutex->hEvent, dwMilliseconds);
		InterlockedDecrement(FIX_TYPE(&lpSect->lThreadsWaiting));

		if (dwResult != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
			return dwResult;
	}
}

static bool leaveFastMutex(FAST_MUTEX* lpMutex)
{
	volatile FAST_MUTEX_SHARED_SECTION* lpSect = lpMutex->lpSharedInfo;

	lockSharedSection(lpSect, lpMutex->lSpinCount);
	if (lpSect->lAvailable >= 1)
	{
		unlockSharedSection(lpSect);
		SetLastError(ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER);
		return false;
	}
	lpSect->lAvailable++;
	if (lpSect->lThreadsWaiting)
		SetEvent(lpMutex->hEvent);
	unlockSharedSection(lpSect);

	return true;
}

static inline void deleteFastMutex(FAST_MUTEX* lpMutex)
{
	UnmapViewOfFile((FAST_MUTEX_SHARED_SECTION*)lpMutex->lpSharedInfo);
	CloseHandle(lpMutex->hFileMap);
	CloseHandle(lpMutex->hEvent);
}

static inline void setupMutex(FAST_MUTEX* lpMutex)
{
	SYSTEM_INFO si;
	GetSystemInfo(&si);

	if (si.dwNumberOfProcessors > 1)
		lpMutex->lSpinCount = DEFAULT_INTERLOCKED_SPIN_COUNT_SMP;
	else
		lpMutex->lSpinCount = DEFAULT_INTERLOCKED_SPIN_COUNT;
}

static bool initializeFastMutex(FAST_MUTEX* lpMutex, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpAttributes,
								BOOL bInitialState, LPCSTR lpName)
{
	LPCSTR name = lpName;

	if (strlen(lpName) + strlen(FAST_MUTEX_EVT_NAME) - 2 >= MAXPATHLEN)
	{
		// this is the same error which CreateEvent will return for long name
		SetLastError(ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE);
		return false;
	}

	setupMutex(lpMutex);

	char sz[MAXPATHLEN];
	if (lpName)
	{
		sprintf(sz, FAST_MUTEX_EVT_NAME, lpName);
		name = sz;
	}

	lpMutex->hEvent = CreateEvent(lpAttributes, FALSE, FALSE, name);
	DWORD dwLastError = GetLastError();

	if (lpMutex->hEvent)
	{
		if (lpName)
			sprintf(sz, FAST_MUTEX_MAP_NAME, lpName);

		lpMutex->hFileMap = CreateFileMapping(
			INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE,
			lpAttributes,
			PAGE_READWRITE,
			0,
			sizeof(FAST_MUTEX_SHARED_SECTION),
			name);

		dwLastError = GetLastError();

		if (lpMutex->hFileMap)
		{
			lpMutex->lpSharedInfo = (FAST_MUTEX_SHARED_SECTION*)
				MapViewOfFile(lpMutex->hFileMap, FILE_MAP_WRITE, 0, 0, 0);

			if (lpMutex->lpSharedInfo)
			{
				if (dwLastError != ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS)
				{
					lpMutex->lpSharedInfo->lSpinLock = 0;
					lpMutex->lpSharedInfo->lThreadsWaiting = 0;
					lpMutex->lpSharedInfo->lAvailable = bInitialState ? 0 : 1;
					InterlockedExchange(FIX_TYPE(&lpMutex->lpSharedInfo->fInitialized), 1);
				}
				else
				{
					while (!lpMutex->lpSharedInfo->fInitialized)
						switchToThread();
				}

				SetLastError(dwLastError);
				return true;
			}
			CloseHandle(lpMutex->hFileMap);
		}
		CloseHandle(lpMutex->hEvent);
	}

	SetLastError(dwLastError);
	return false;
}

#ifdef NOT_USED_OR_REPLACED
static bool openFastMutex(FAST_MUTEX* lpMutex, DWORD DesiredAccess, LPCSTR lpName)
{
	LPCSTR name = lpName;

	if (strlen(lpName) + strlen(FAST_MUTEX_EVT_NAME) - 2 >= MAXPATHLEN)
	{
		SetLastError(ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE);
		return false;
	}

	setupMutex(lpMutex);

	char sz[MAXPATHLEN];
	if (lpName)
	{
		sprintf(sz, FAST_MUTEX_EVT_NAME, lpName);
		name = sz;
	}

	lpMutex->hEvent = OpenEvent(EVENT_ALL_ACCESS, FALSE, name);

	DWORD dwLastError = GetLastError();

	if (lpMutex->hEvent)
	{
		if (lpName)
			sprintf(sz, FAST_MUTEX_MAP_NAME, lpName);

		lpMutex->hFileMap = OpenFileMapping(FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, FALSE, name);

		dwLastError = GetLastError();

		if (lpMutex->hFileMap)
		{
			lpMutex->lpSharedInfo = (FAST_MUTEX_SHARED_SECTION*)
				MapViewOfFile(lpMutex->hFileMap, FILE_MAP_WRITE, 0, 0, 0);

			if (lpMutex->lpSharedInfo)
				return true;

			CloseHandle(lpMutex->hFileMap);
		}
		CloseHandle(lpMutex->hEvent);
	}

	SetLastError(dwLastError);
	return false;
}
#endif

static inline void setFastMutexSpinCount(FAST_MUTEX* lpMutex, ULONG SpinCount)
{
	lpMutex->lSpinCount = SpinCount;
}


int ISC_mutex_init(struct mtx* mutex, const TEXT* mutex_name)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m u t e x _ i n i t	( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Initialize a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/
	char name_buffer[MAXPATHLEN];

	if (!make_object_name(name_buffer, sizeof(name_buffer), mutex_name, "_mutex"))
	{
		return FB_FAILURE;
	}

	if (initializeFastMutex(&mutex->mtx_fast, ISC_get_security_desc(), FALSE, name_buffer))
		return FB_SUCCESS;

	fb_assert(GetLastError() != 0);
	return GetLastError();
}


void ISC_mutex_fini(struct mtx *mutex)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	m u t e x _ f i n i ( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Destroy a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/
	if (mutex->mtx_fast.lpSharedInfo)
		deleteFastMutex(&mutex->mtx_fast);
}


int ISC_mutex_lock(struct mtx* mutex)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m u t e x _ l o c k	( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Seize a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/

	const DWORD status = (mutex->mtx_fast.lpSharedInfo) ?
		enterFastMutex(&mutex->mtx_fast, INFINITE) :
			WaitForSingleObject(mutex->mtx_fast.hEvent, INFINITE);

    return (status == WAIT_OBJECT_0 || status == WAIT_ABANDONED) ? FB_SUCCESS : FB_FAILURE;
}


int ISC_mutex_lock_cond(struct mtx* mutex)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m u t e x _ l o c k _ c o n d	( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Conditionally seize a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/

	const DWORD status = (mutex->mtx_fast.lpSharedInfo) ?
		enterFastMutex(&mutex->mtx_fast, 0) : WaitForSingleObject(mutex->mtx_fast.hEvent, 0L);

    return (status == WAIT_OBJECT_0 || status == WAIT_ABANDONED) ? FB_SUCCESS : FB_FAILURE;
}


int ISC_mutex_unlock(struct mtx* mutex)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ m u t e x _ u n l o c k		( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Release a mutex.
 *
 **************************************/

	if (mutex->mtx_fast.lpSharedInfo) {
		return !leaveFastMutex(&mutex->mtx_fast);
	}

	return !ReleaseMutex(mutex->mtx_fast.hEvent);
}


void ISC_mutex_set_spin_count (struct mtx *mutex, ULONG spins)
{
	if (mutex->mtx_fast.lpSharedInfo)
		setFastMutexSpinCount(&mutex->mtx_fast, spins);
}

#endif // WIN_NT


#ifdef UNIX
#ifdef HAVE_MMAP
#define ISC_REMAP_FILE_DEFINED
bool SharedMemoryBase::remapFile(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector, ULONG new_length, bool flag)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ r e m a p _ f i l e		( U N I X - m m a p )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Try to re-map a given file.
 *
 **************************************/
	if (!new_length)
	{
		error(statusVector, "Zero new_length is requested", 0);
		return false;
	}

	if (flag)
		ftruncate(sh_mem_handle, new_length);

	MemoryHeader* const address = (MemoryHeader*)
		mmap(0, new_length, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, sh_mem_handle, 0);
	if ((U_IPTR) address == (U_IPTR) -1)
	{
		error(statusVector, "mmap() failed", errno);
		return false;
	}

	munmap((char*) getHeader(), sh_mem_length_mapped);

#ifdef USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE
	SharedFile::remap(getHeader(), address, new_length);
#endif
	IPC_TRACE(("ISC_remap_file %p to %p %d\n", getHeader(), address, new_length));

	setHeader(address);
	sh_mem_length_mapped = new_length;

#if (!defined(HAVE_OBJECT_MAP)) || defined(USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE)
	sh_mem_mutex = &getHeader()->mhb_mutex;
#endif

	return address;
}
#endif // HAVE_MMAP
#endif // UNIX


#ifdef WIN_NT
#define ISC_REMAP_FILE_DEFINED
bool SharedMemoryBase::remapFile(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector,
								 ULONG new_length, bool flag)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ r e m a p _ f i l e		( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Try to re-map a given file.
 *
 **************************************/

	if (flag)
	{
		if (SetFilePointer(sh_mem_handle, new_length, NULL, FILE_BEGIN) == INVALID_SET_FILE_POINTER ||
			!SetEndOfFile(sh_mem_handle) ||
			!FlushViewOfFile(getHeader(), 0))
		{
			error(statusVector, "SetFilePointer", GetLastError());
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	/* If the remap file exists, remap does not occur correctly.
	* The file number is local to the process and when it is
	* incremented and a new filename is created, that file may
	* already exist.  In that case, the file is not expanded.
	* This will happen when the file is expanded more than once
	* by concurrently running processes.
	*
	* The problem will be fixed by making sure that a new file name
	* is generated with the mapped file is created.
	*/

	HANDLE file_obj = NULL;

	while (true)
	{
		TEXT mapping_name[64]; // enough for int32 as text
		sprintf(mapping_name, "_mapping_%"ULONGFORMAT, sh_mem_hdr_address[1] + 1);

		TEXT object_name[MAXPATHLEN];
		if (!make_object_name(object_name, sizeof(object_name), sh_mem_name, mapping_name))
			break;

		file_obj = CreateFileMapping(sh_mem_handle,
									 ISC_get_security_desc(),
									 PAGE_READWRITE,
									 0, new_length,
									 object_name);

		if (!(GetLastError() == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS && flag))
			break;

		CloseHandle(file_obj);
		file_obj = NULL;
		sh_mem_hdr_address[1]++;
	}

	if (file_obj == NULL)
	{
		error(statusVector, "CreateFileMapping", GetLastError());
		return NULL;
	}

	MemoryHeader* const address = (MemoryHeader*) MapViewOfFile(file_obj, FILE_MAP_WRITE, 0, 0, 0);

	if (address == NULL)
	{
		error(statusVector, "MapViewOfFile", GetLastError());
		CloseHandle(file_obj);
		return NULL;
	}

	if (flag)
	{
		sh_mem_hdr_address[0] = new_length;
		sh_mem_hdr_address[1]++;
	}

	UnmapViewOfFile(getHeader());
	CloseHandle(sh_mem_object);

	setHeader(address);
	sh_mem_length_mapped = new_length;
	sh_mem_object = file_obj;

	if (!sh_mem_length_mapped)
	{
		error(statusVector, "sh_mem_length_mapped is 0", 0);
		return NULL;
	}

	return (address);
}
#endif


#ifndef ISC_REMAP_FILE_DEFINED
bool SharedMemoryBase::remapFile(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector, ULONG, bool)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ r e m a p _ f i l e		( G E N E R I C )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Try to re-map a given file.
 *
 **************************************/

	statusVector << Arg::Gds(isc_unavailable) <<
					Arg::Gds(isc_random) << "SharedMemory::remapFile";

	return NULL;
}
#endif


#ifdef UNIX
static TLS_DECLARE(sigjmp_buf*, sigjmp_ptr);

void ISC_sync_signals_set(void* arg)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ s y n c _ s i g n a l s _ s e t ( U N I X )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Set all the synchronous signals for a particular thread
 *
 **************************************/
	sigjmp_buf* const sigenv = static_cast<sigjmp_buf*>(arg);
	TLS_SET(sigjmp_ptr, sigenv);

	sigset(SIGILL, longjmp_sig_handler);
	sigset(SIGFPE, longjmp_sig_handler);
	sigset(SIGBUS, longjmp_sig_handler);
	sigset(SIGSEGV, longjmp_sig_handler);
}


void ISC_sync_signals_reset()
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ s y n c _ s i g n a l s _ r e s e t ( U N I X )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Reset all the synchronous signals for a particular thread
 * to default.
 *
 **************************************/

	sigset(SIGILL, SIG_DFL);
	sigset(SIGFPE, SIG_DFL);
	sigset(SIGBUS, SIG_DFL);
	sigset(SIGSEGV, SIG_DFL);
}
#endif // UNIX

#ifdef UNIX
void SharedMemoryBase::unmapFile(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ u n m a p _ f i l e		( U N I X - m m a p )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Unmap a given file.
 *
 **************************************/
#ifdef USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE
	// Lock init file.
	FileLock initLock(statusVector, fd_init, FileLock::OPENED);
	if (!initLock.exclusive())
	{
		iscLogStatus("ISC_unmap_file failed to lock init file", statusVector.value());
	}
	else
	{
		SharedFile* sf = SharedFile::locate(getHeader());

		FileLock lock(statusVector, sh_mem_handle);
		lock.setLevel(FileLock::LCK_SHARED);
		semTable->cleanup(sf->getNum(), lock.tryExclusive());
		SharedFile::remove(getHeader());
	}
	--sharedCount;
#endif

#if defined(HAVE_OBJECT_MAP) && (!defined(USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE))
	unmapObject(statusVector, (UCHAR**) &sh_mem_mutex, sizeof(mtx));
#endif

	munmap((char *) getHeader(), sh_mem_length_mapped);
	setHeader(NULL);
	close(sh_mem_handle);
}
#endif

#ifdef WIN_NT
void SharedMemoryBase::unmapFile(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	I S C _ u n m a p _ f i l e		( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Detach from the shared memory.
 *
 **************************************/

	CloseHandle(sh_mem_interest);
	if (!UnmapViewOfFile(getHeader()))
	{
		error(statusVector, "UnmapViewOfFile", GetLastError());
		return;
	}
	CloseHandle(sh_mem_object);

	CloseHandle(sh_mem_handle);
	if (!UnmapViewOfFile(sh_mem_hdr_address))
	{
		error(statusVector, "UnmapViewOfFile", GetLastError());
		return;
	}
	CloseHandle(sh_mem_hdr_object);

	TEXT expanded_filename[MAXPATHLEN];
	gds__prefix_lock(expanded_filename, sh_mem_name);

	// Delete file only if it is not used by anyone else
	HANDLE hFile = CreateFile(expanded_filename,
							 DELETE,
							 0,
							 NULL,
							 OPEN_EXISTING,
							 FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE,
							 NULL);

	if (hFile != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
		CloseHandle(hFile);

	ISC_mutex_fini(&sh_mem_winMutex);
	sh_mem_mutex = NULL;

	setHeader(NULL);
}
#endif


static void error(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector, const TEXT* string, ISC_STATUS status)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	e r r o r
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	We've encountered an error, report it.
 *
 **************************************/
	statusVector << Arg::Gds(isc_sys_request) << Arg::Str(string) << SYS_ERR(status);
	statusVector.makePermanent();
}


#ifdef UNIX

#ifdef USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE

static SLONG create_semaphores(Arg::StatusVector& statusVector, SLONG key, int semaphores)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	c r e a t e _ s e m a p h o r e s		( U N I X )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Create or find a block of semaphores.
 *
 **************************************/
	while (true)
	{
		// Try to open existing semaphore set
		SLONG semid = semget(key, 0, 0);
		if (semid == -1)
		{
			if (errno != ENOENT)
			{
				error(statusVector, "semget", errno);
				return -1;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			union semun arg;
			semid_ds buf;
			arg.buf = &buf;
			// Get number of semaphores in opened set
			if (semctl(semid, 0, IPC_STAT, arg) == -1)
			{
				error(statusVector, "semctl", errno);
				return -1;
			}
			if ((int) buf.sem_nsems >= semaphores)
				return semid;
			// Number of semaphores in existing set is too small. Discard it.
			if (semctl(semid, 0, IPC_RMID) == -1)
			{
				error(statusVector, "semctl", errno);
				return -1;
			}
		}

		// Try to create new semaphore set
		semid = semget(key, semaphores, IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | PRIV);
		if (semid != -1)
		{
			// We want to limit access to semaphores, created here
			// Reasonable access rights to them - exactly like security database has
			char secDb[MAXPATHLEN];
			Auth::SecurityDatabase::getPath(secDb);
			struct stat st;
			if (stat(secDb, &st) == 0)
			{
				union semun arg;
				semid_ds ds;
				arg.buf = &ds;
				ds.sem_perm.uid = geteuid() == 0 ? st.st_uid : geteuid();
				ds.sem_perm.gid = st.st_gid;
				ds.sem_perm.mode = st.st_mode;
				semctl(semid, 0, IPC_SET, arg);
			}
			return semid;
		}

		if (errno != EEXIST)
		{
			error(statusVector, "semget", errno);
			return -1;
		}
	}
}

#endif // USE_SYS5SEMAPHORE

void longjmp_sig_handler(int sig_num)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	l o n g j m p _ s i g _ h a n d l e r
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	The generic signal handler for all signals in a thread.
 *
 **************************************/

	siglongjmp(*TLS_GET(sigjmp_ptr), sig_num);
}

#endif // UNIX


#ifdef WIN_NT
static bool make_object_name(TEXT* buffer, size_t bufsize,
							 const TEXT* object_name,
							 const TEXT* object_type)
{
/**************************************
 *
 *	m a k e _ o b j e c t _ n a m e		( W I N _ N T )
 *
 **************************************
 *
 * Functional description
 *	Create an object name from a name and type.
 *	Also replace the file separator with "_".
 *
 **************************************/
	char hostname[64];
	const int rc = snprintf(buffer, bufsize, object_name, ISC_get_host(hostname, sizeof(hostname)));
	if (size_t(rc) == bufsize || rc <= 0)
	{
		SetLastError(ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE);
		return false;
	}

	char& limit = buffer[bufsize - 1];
	limit = 0;

	char* p;
	char c;
	for (p = buffer; c = *p; p++)
	{
		if (c == '/' || c == '\\' || c == ':')
			*p = '_';
	}

	// We either append the full object type or produce failure.
	if (p >= &limit || p + strlen(object_type) > &limit)
	{
		SetLastError(ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE);
		return false;
	}

	strcpy(p, object_type);

	// hvlad: windows file systems use case-insensitive file names
	// while kernel objects such as events use case-sensitive names.
	// Since we use root directory as part of kernel objects names
	// we must use lower (or upper) register for object name to avoid
	// misunderstanding between processes
	strlwr(buffer);

	// CVC: I'm not convinced that if this call has no space to put the prefix,
	// we can ignore that fact, hence I changed that signature, too.
	if (!fb_utils::prefix_kernel_object_name(buffer, bufsize))
	{
		SetLastError(ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE);
		return false;
	}
	return true;
}
#endif // WIN_NT

void SharedMemoryBase::mutexLock()
{
	int state = ISC_mutex_lock(sh_mem_mutex);
	if (state != 0)
	{
		mutexBug(state, "ISC_mutex_lock");
	}
}

bool SharedMemoryBase::mutexLockCond()
{
	return ISC_mutex_lock_cond(sh_mem_mutex) == 0;
}

void SharedMemoryBase::mutexUnlock()
{
	int state = ISC_mutex_unlock(sh_mem_mutex);
	if (state != 0)
	{
		mutexBug(state, "ISC_mutex_unlock");
	}
}

SharedMemoryBase::SharedMemoryBase()
  :	sh_mem_mutex(0), sh_mem_length_mapped(0),
#ifdef WIN_NT
	sh_mem_handle(0), sh_mem_object(0), sh_mem_interest(0), sh_mem_hdr_object(0),
	sh_mem_hdr_address(0)
#else
	sh_mem_handle(-1)
#endif
{
	sh_mem_name[0] = '\0';
}

SharedMemoryBase::~SharedMemoryBase()
{
}

void SharedMemoryBase::logError(const char* text, const Arg::StatusVector& status)
{
	iscLogStatus(text, status.value());
}