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Adriano dos Santos Fernandes d046a2ca86 Fallback for problem converting time-tz/timestamp-tz when ICU is not present in client.

2019-07-14 21:31:17 -03:00

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Time Zone support (FB 4.0)

Time zone support consists of TIME WITH TIME ZONE and TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data types, expressions and statements to work with time zones and conversion between data types without/with time zones.

The first important thing to understand is that TIME WITHOUT TIME ZONE, TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE and DATE data types are defined to use the session time zone when converting from or to a TIME WITH TIME ZONE or TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE. TIME and TIMESTAMP are synonymous to theirs respectively WITHOUT TIME ZONE data types.

The session time zone, as the name implies, can be a different one for each database attachment. It can be set with the isc_dpb_session_time_zone DPB, and if not, it starts by default defined to be the firebird.conf parameter DefaultTimeZone or the same time zone used by the Firebird OS process when the parameter is not defined. A change in DefaultTimeZone configuration or the OS time zone does not changes the default of a running Firebird process.

It can then be changed with SET TIME ZONE statement to a given time zone or reset to its original value with SET TIME ZONE LOCAL.

The original time zone value is initially defined equal to the current time zone in session initialization and cannot be changed manually. But the original time zone is internally changed when a routine (function, procedure or trigger) is called to the value of the current time zone and restored to its previous value at routine exit. That means that a routine that changes the current time zone and later run SET TIME ZONE LOCAL will restore the current time zone to its initially received value.

A time zone may be a string with a time zone region (for example, America/Sao_Paulo) or a hours:minutes displacement (for example, -03:00) from GMT.

A time/timestamp with time zone is considered equal to another time/timestamp with time zone if their conversion to UTC are equal, for example, time '10:00 -02' = time '09:00 -03', since both are the same as time '12:00 GMT'. This is also valid in the context of UNIQUE constraints and for sorting purposes.

Some timestamps does not exist (DST starting) or repeats twice (DST ending). For the first case, when DST starts in America/New_York, 2:30 AM on March 12, 2017 does not exist and is interpreted as 2:30 AM UTC-05 (equivalent to 3:30 AM UTC-04). For the second case, when DST ends in America/New_York, 1:30 AM on November 5, 2017 repeats twice and is interpreted as 1:30 AM UTC-04 instead of 1:30 AM UTC-05.

Data types

TIME [ { WITH | WITHOUT } TIME ZONE ]

TIMESTAMP [ { WITH | WITHOUT } TIME ZONE ]

Storage

TIME/TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE has respectively the same storage of TIME/TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE plus 2 bytes for the time zone identifier or displacement.

The time/timestamp parts are stored in UTC (translated from the informed time zone).

Time zone identifiers (from regions) are put directly in the time_zone field. They start from 65535 (which is the GMT code) and are decreasing as new time zones were/are added.

Time zone displacements (+/- HH:MM) are encoded with (sign * (HH * 60 + MM)) + 1439. For example, a 00:00 displacement is encoded as (1 * (0 * 60 + 0)) + 1439 = 1439 and -02:00 as (-1 * (2 * 60 + 0)) + 1439 = 1319.

API structs

struct ISC_TIME_TZ
{
    ISC_TIME utc_time;
    ISC_USHORT time_zone;
};

struct ISC_TIMESTAMP_TZ
{
    ISC_TIMESTAMP utc_timestamp;
    ISC_USHORT time_zone;
};

API functions (FirebirdInterface.idl - IUtil interface)

void decodeTimeTz(
    Status status,
    const ISC_TIME_TZ* timeTz,
    uint* hours,
    uint* minutes,
    uint* seconds,
    uint* fractions,
    uint timeZoneBufferLength,
    string timeZoneBuffer
);

void decodeTimeStampTz(
    Status status,
    const ISC_TIMESTAMP_TZ* timeStampTz,
    uint* year,
    uint* month,
    uint* day,
    uint* hours,
    uint* minutes,
    uint* seconds,
    uint* fractions,
    uint timeZoneBufferLength,
    string timeZoneBuffer
);

void encodeTimeTz(
    Status status,
    ISC_TIME_TZ* timeTz,
    uint hours,
    uint minutes,
    uint seconds,
    uint fractions,
    const string timeZone
);

void encodeTimeStampTz(
    Status status,
    ISC_TIMESTAMP_TZ* timeStampTz,
    uint year,
    uint month,
    uint day,
    uint hours,
    uint minutes,
    uint seconds,
    uint fractions,
    const string timeZone
);

When decodeTimeTz / decodeTimeStampTz is called with non-null timeZoneBuffer and ICU could not be loaded in the client, timeZoneBuffer returns the string GMT* and the others fields receives the timestamp GMT values.

Time zone string syntax

<time zone string> ::=
    '<time zone>'

<time zone> ::=
    <time zone region> |
    [+/-] <hour displacement> [: <minute displacement>]

Examples:

'America/Sao_Paulo'
'-02:00'
'+04'
'04:00'
'04:30'

`TIME WITH TIME ZONE` and `TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE` literals

<time with time zone literal> ::=
    time '<time> <time zone>'

<timestamp with time zone literal> ::=
    timestamp '<timestamp> <time zone>'

Examples:

time '10:00 America/Los_Angeles'
time '10:00:00.5 +08'
timestamp '2018-01-01 10:00 America/Los_Angeles'
timestamp '2018-01-01 10:00:00.5 +08'

Statements and expressions

`SET TIME ZONE` statement

Changes the session time zone.

Syntax

SET TIME ZONE { <time zone string> | LOCAL }

Examples

set time zone '-02:00';

set time zone 'America/Sao_Paulo';

set time zone local;

`SET TIME ZONE BIND` statement

Changes the session time zone bind for compatibility with old clients.

The default is NATIVE, which means that TIME WITH TIME ZONE and TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE expressions are returned with they new data types to the client.

Old clients may not understand the new data types, so it's possible to define the bind to LEGACY and the expressions will be returned as TIME WITHOUT TIME ZONE and TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE, with appropriate conversion.

The bind configuration is also applicable to input parameters.

The initial configuration of time zone bind may be specified with DPB isc_dpb_time_zone_bind followed by a string with its value (case does not matter).

Syntax

SET TIME ZONE BIND { NATIVE | LEGACY }

Examples

set time zone bind native;

set time zone bind legacy;

`AT` expression

Translates a time/timestamp value to its correspondent value in another time zone.

If LOCAL is used, the value is converted to the session time zone.

Syntax

<at expr> ::=
    <expr> AT { TIME ZONE <time zone string> | LOCAL }

Examples

select time '12:00 GMT' at time zone '-03'
  from rdb$database;

select current_timestamp at time zone 'America/Sao_Paulo'
  from rdb$database;

select timestamp '2018-01-01 12:00 GMT' at local
  from rdb$database;

`EXTRACT` expressions

Two new EXTRACT expressions has been added:

TIMEZONE_HOUR: extracts the time zone hours displacement
TIMEZONE_MINUTE: extracts the time zone minutes displacement

Examples

select extract(timezone_hour from current_time)
  from rdb$database;

select extract(timezone_minute from current_timestamp)
  from rdb$database;

`LOCALTIME` expression

Returns the current time as a TIME WITHOUT TIME ZONE, i.e., in the session time zone.

Example

select localtime
  from rdb$database;

`LOCALTIMESTAMP` expression

Returns the current timestamp as a TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE, i.e., in the session time zone.

Example

select localtimestamp
  from rdb$database;

Changes in `CURRENT_TIME` and `CURRENT_TIMESTAMP`

In version 4.0, CURRENT_TIME and CURRENT_TIMESTAMP are changed to return TIME WITH TIME ZONE and TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE (with time zone set to the session time zone), different than previous versions, that returned the types without time zone.

To make transition easier, LOCALTIME and LOCALTIMESTAMP was added in v3.0.4, so applications can be adjusted in v3 and migrated to v4 without funcional changes.

Virtual table `RDB$TIME_ZONES`

This virtual table lists time zones supported in the engine.

Columns:

RDB$TIME_ZONE_ID type INTEGER
RDB$TIME_ZONE_NAME type CHAR(63)

Package `RDB$TIME_ZONE_UTIL`

This package has time zone utility functions and procedures.

Function `DATABASE_VERSION`

RDB$TIME_ZONE_UTIL.DATABASE_VERSION returns the time zone database version.

Return type: VARCHAR(10) CHARACTER SET ASCII

select rdb$time_zone_util.database_version()
  from rdb$database;

Returns:

DATABASE_VERSION
================
2017c

Procedure `TRANSITIONS`

RDB$TIME_ZONE_UTIL.TRANSITIONS returns the set of rules between the start and end timestamps.

Input parameters:

TIME_ZONE_NAME type CHAR(63)
FROM_TIMESTAMP type TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
TO_TIMESTAMP type TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE

Output parameters:

START_TIMESTAMP type TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE - the transition' start timestamp
END_TIMESTAMP type TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE - the transition's end timestamp
ZONE_OFFSET type SMALLINT - number of minutes related to the zone's offset
DST_OFFSET type SMALLINT - number of minutes related to the zone's DST offset
EFFECTIVE_OFFSET type SMALLINT - effective offset (ZONE_OFFSET + DST_OFFSET)

select *
  from rdb$time_zone_util.transitions(
    'America/Sao_Paulo',
    timestamp '2017-01-01',
    timestamp '2019-01-01');

Returns:

             START_TIMESTAMP                END_TIMESTAMP ZONE_OFFSET DST_OFFSET EFFECTIVE_OFFSET
============================ ============================ =========== ========== ================
2016-10-16 03:00:00.0000 GMT 2017-02-19 01:59:59.9999 GMT        -180         60             -120
2017-02-19 02:00:00.0000 GMT 2017-10-15 02:59:59.9999 GMT        -180          0             -180
2017-10-15 03:00:00.0000 GMT 2018-02-18 01:59:59.9999 GMT        -180         60             -120
2018-02-18 02:00:00.0000 GMT 2018-10-21 02:59:59.9999 GMT        -180          0             -180
2018-10-21 03:00:00.0000 GMT 2019-02-17 01:59:59.9999 GMT        -180         60             -120

Updating the time zone database

Time zones are often changed and when this happen it's convenient to update the time zone database as soon as possible.

Firebird stores WITH TIME ZONE values translated to UTC time. If a value is created with one time zone database and later that database is updated and the update changes the information in the range of a stored value, when reading that value it will be returned as a different than the one initially stored.

Firebird uses the IANA time zone database through the ICU library. ICU library present in Firebird kit (Windows) or present in OS (Linux, POSIX) sometimes has outdated time zone database.

Update procedure is described in that ICU page. The easiest way to update is downloading the *.res files in a directory and set ICU_TIMEZONE_FILES_DIR environment variable pointing to it.

Appendix: time zone regions

Below is the list of time zone region names and IDs.

GMT (65535)
ACT (65534)
AET (65533)
AGT (65532)
ART (65531)
AST (65530)
Africa/Abidjan (65529)
Africa/Accra (65528)
Africa/Addis_Ababa (65527)
Africa/Algiers (65526)
Africa/Asmara (65525)
Africa/Asmera (65524)
Africa/Bamako (65523)
Africa/Bangui (65522)
Africa/Banjul (65521)
Africa/Bissau (65520)
Africa/Blantyre (65519)
Africa/Brazzaville (65518)
Africa/Bujumbura (65517)
Africa/Cairo (65516)
Africa/Casablanca (65515)
Africa/Ceuta (65514)
Africa/Conakry (65513)
Africa/Dakar (65512)
Africa/Dar_es_Salaam (65511)
Africa/Djibouti (65510)
Africa/Douala (65509)
Africa/El_Aaiun (65508)
Africa/Freetown (65507)
Africa/Gaborone (65506)
Africa/Harare (65505)
Africa/Johannesburg (65504)
Africa/Juba (65503)
Africa/Kampala (65502)
Africa/Khartoum (65501)
Africa/Kigali (65500)
Africa/Kinshasa (65499)
Africa/Lagos (65498)
Africa/Libreville (65497)
Africa/Lome (65496)
Africa/Luanda (65495)
Africa/Lubumbashi (65494)
Africa/Lusaka (65493)
Africa/Malabo (65492)
Africa/Maputo (65491)
Africa/Maseru (65490)
Africa/Mbabane (65489)
Africa/Mogadishu (65488)
Africa/Monrovia (65487)
Africa/Nairobi (65486)
Africa/Ndjamena (65485)
Africa/Niamey (65484)
Africa/Nouakchott (65483)
Africa/Ouagadougou (65482)
Africa/Porto-Novo (65481)
Africa/Sao_Tome (65480)
Africa/Timbuktu (65479)
Africa/Tripoli (65478)
Africa/Tunis (65477)
Africa/Windhoek (65476)
America/Adak (65475)
America/Anchorage (65474)
America/Anguilla (65473)
America/Antigua (65472)
America/Araguaina (65471)
America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires (65470)
America/Argentina/Catamarca (65469)
America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia (65468)
America/Argentina/Cordoba (65467)
America/Argentina/Jujuy (65466)
America/Argentina/La_Rioja (65465)
America/Argentina/Mendoza (65464)
America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos (65463)
America/Argentina/Salta (65462)
America/Argentina/San_Juan (65461)
America/Argentina/San_Luis (65460)
America/Argentina/Tucuman (65459)
America/Argentina/Ushuaia (65458)
America/Aruba (65457)
America/Asuncion (65456)
America/Atikokan (65455)
America/Atka (65454)
America/Bahia (65453)
America/Bahia_Banderas (65452)
America/Barbados (65451)
America/Belem (65450)
America/Belize (65449)
America/Blanc-Sablon (65448)
America/Boa_Vista (65447)
America/Bogota (65446)
America/Boise (65445)
America/Buenos_Aires (65444)
America/Cambridge_Bay (65443)
America/Campo_Grande (65442)
America/Cancun (65441)
America/Caracas (65440)
America/Catamarca (65439)
America/Cayenne (65438)
America/Cayman (65437)
America/Chicago (65436)
America/Chihuahua (65435)
America/Coral_Harbour (65434)
America/Cordoba (65433)
America/Costa_Rica (65432)
America/Creston (65431)
America/Cuiaba (65430)
America/Curacao (65429)
America/Danmarkshavn (65428)
America/Dawson (65427)
America/Dawson_Creek (65426)
America/Denver (65425)
America/Detroit (65424)
America/Dominica (65423)
America/Edmonton (65422)
America/Eirunepe (65421)
America/El_Salvador (65420)
America/Ensenada (65419)
America/Fort_Nelson (65418)
America/Fort_Wayne (65417)
America/Fortaleza (65416)
America/Glace_Bay (65415)
America/Godthab (65414)
America/Goose_Bay (65413)
America/Grand_Turk (65412)
America/Grenada (65411)
America/Guadeloupe (65410)
America/Guatemala (65409)
America/Guayaquil (65408)
America/Guyana (65407)
America/Halifax (65406)
America/Havana (65405)
America/Hermosillo (65404)
America/Indiana/Indianapolis (65403)
America/Indiana/Knox (65402)
America/Indiana/Marengo (65401)
America/Indiana/Petersburg (65400)
America/Indiana/Tell_City (65399)
America/Indiana/Vevay (65398)
America/Indiana/Vincennes (65397)
America/Indiana/Winamac (65396)
America/Indianapolis (65395)
America/Inuvik (65394)
America/Iqaluit (65393)
America/Jamaica (65392)
America/Jujuy (65391)
America/Juneau (65390)
America/Kentucky/Louisville (65389)
America/Kentucky/Monticello (65388)
America/Knox_IN (65387)
America/Kralendijk (65386)
America/La_Paz (65385)
America/Lima (65384)
America/Los_Angeles (65383)
America/Louisville (65382)
America/Lower_Princes (65381)
America/Maceio (65380)
America/Managua (65379)
America/Manaus (65378)
America/Marigot (65377)
America/Martinique (65376)
America/Matamoros (65375)
America/Mazatlan (65374)
America/Mendoza (65373)
America/Menominee (65372)
America/Merida (65371)
America/Metlakatla (65370)
America/Mexico_City (65369)
America/Miquelon (65368)
America/Moncton (65367)
America/Monterrey (65366)
America/Montevideo (65365)
America/Montreal (65364)
America/Montserrat (65363)
America/Nassau (65362)
America/New_York (65361)
America/Nipigon (65360)
America/Nome (65359)
America/Noronha (65358)
America/North_Dakota/Beulah (65357)
America/North_Dakota/Center (65356)
America/North_Dakota/New_Salem (65355)
America/Ojinaga (65354)
America/Panama (65353)
America/Pangnirtung (65352)
America/Paramaribo (65351)
America/Phoenix (65350)
America/Port-au-Prince (65349)
America/Port_of_Spain (65348)
America/Porto_Acre (65347)
America/Porto_Velho (65346)
America/Puerto_Rico (65345)
America/Punta_Arenas (65344)
America/Rainy_River (65343)
America/Rankin_Inlet (65342)
America/Recife (65341)
America/Regina (65340)
America/Resolute (65339)
America/Rio_Branco (65338)
America/Rosario (65337)
America/Santa_Isabel (65336)
America/Santarem (65335)
America/Santiago (65334)
America/Santo_Domingo (65333)
America/Sao_Paulo (65332)
America/Scoresbysund (65331)
America/Shiprock (65330)
America/Sitka (65329)
America/St_Barthelemy (65328)
America/St_Johns (65327)
America/St_Kitts (65326)
America/St_Lucia (65325)
America/St_Thomas (65324)
America/St_Vincent (65323)
America/Swift_Current (65322)
America/Tegucigalpa (65321)
America/Thule (65320)
America/Thunder_Bay (65319)
America/Tijuana (65318)
America/Toronto (65317)
America/Tortola (65316)
America/Vancouver (65315)
America/Virgin (65314)
America/Whitehorse (65313)
America/Winnipeg (65312)
America/Yakutat (65311)
America/Yellowknife (65310)
Antarctica/Casey (65309)
Antarctica/Davis (65308)
Antarctica/DumontDUrville (65307)
Antarctica/Macquarie (65306)
Antarctica/Mawson (65305)
Antarctica/McMurdo (65304)
Antarctica/Palmer (65303)
Antarctica/Rothera (65302)
Antarctica/South_Pole (65301)
Antarctica/Syowa (65300)
Antarctica/Troll (65299)
Antarctica/Vostok (65298)
Arctic/Longyearbyen (65297)
Asia/Aden (65296)
Asia/Almaty (65295)
Asia/Amman (65294)
Asia/Anadyr (65293)
Asia/Aqtau (65292)
Asia/Aqtobe (65291)
Asia/Ashgabat (65290)
Asia/Ashkhabad (65289)
Asia/Atyrau (65288)
Asia/Baghdad (65287)
Asia/Bahrain (65286)
Asia/Baku (65285)
Asia/Bangkok (65284)
Asia/Barnaul (65283)
Asia/Beirut (65282)
Asia/Bishkek (65281)
Asia/Brunei (65280)
Asia/Calcutta (65279)
Asia/Chita (65278)
Asia/Choibalsan (65277)
Asia/Chongqing (65276)
Asia/Chungking (65275)
Asia/Colombo (65274)
Asia/Dacca (65273)
Asia/Damascus (65272)
Asia/Dhaka (65271)
Asia/Dili (65270)
Asia/Dubai (65269)
Asia/Dushanbe (65268)
Asia/Famagusta (65267)
Asia/Gaza (65266)
Asia/Harbin (65265)
Asia/Hebron (65264)
Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh (65263)
Asia/Hong_Kong (65262)
Asia/Hovd (65261)
Asia/Irkutsk (65260)
Asia/Istanbul (65259)
Asia/Jakarta (65258)
Asia/Jayapura (65257)
Asia/Jerusalem (65256)
Asia/Kabul (65255)
Asia/Kamchatka (65254)
Asia/Karachi (65253)
Asia/Kashgar (65252)
Asia/Kathmandu (65251)
Asia/Katmandu (65250)
Asia/Khandyga (65249)
Asia/Kolkata (65248)
Asia/Krasnoyarsk (65247)
Asia/Kuala_Lumpur (65246)
Asia/Kuching (65245)
Asia/Kuwait (65244)
Asia/Macao (65243)
Asia/Macau (65242)
Asia/Magadan (65241)
Asia/Makassar (65240)
Asia/Manila (65239)
Asia/Muscat (65238)
Asia/Nicosia (65237)
Asia/Novokuznetsk (65236)
Asia/Novosibirsk (65235)
Asia/Omsk (65234)
Asia/Oral (65233)
Asia/Phnom_Penh (65232)
Asia/Pontianak (65231)
Asia/Pyongyang (65230)
Asia/Qatar (65229)
Asia/Qyzylorda (65228)
Asia/Rangoon (65227)
Asia/Riyadh (65226)
Asia/Saigon (65225)
Asia/Sakhalin (65224)
Asia/Samarkand (65223)
Asia/Seoul (65222)
Asia/Shanghai (65221)
Asia/Singapore (65220)
Asia/Srednekolymsk (65219)
Asia/Taipei (65218)
Asia/Tashkent (65217)
Asia/Tbilisi (65216)
Asia/Tehran (65215)
Asia/Tel_Aviv (65214)
Asia/Thimbu (65213)
Asia/Thimphu (65212)
Asia/Tokyo (65211)
Asia/Tomsk (65210)
Asia/Ujung_Pandang (65209)
Asia/Ulaanbaatar (65208)
Asia/Ulan_Bator (65207)
Asia/Urumqi (65206)
Asia/Ust-Nera (65205)
Asia/Vientiane (65204)
Asia/Vladivostok (65203)
Asia/Yakutsk (65202)
Asia/Yangon (65201)
Asia/Yekaterinburg (65200)
Asia/Yerevan (65199)
Atlantic/Azores (65198)
Atlantic/Bermuda (65197)
Atlantic/Canary (65196)
Atlantic/Cape_Verde (65195)
Atlantic/Faeroe (65194)
Atlantic/Faroe (65193)
Atlantic/Jan_Mayen (65192)
Atlantic/Madeira (65191)
Atlantic/Reykjavik (65190)
Atlantic/South_Georgia (65189)
Atlantic/St_Helena (65188)
Atlantic/Stanley (65187)
Australia/ACT (65186)
Australia/Adelaide (65185)
Australia/Brisbane (65184)
Australia/Broken_Hill (65183)
Australia/Canberra (65182)
Australia/Currie (65181)
Australia/Darwin (65180)
Australia/Eucla (65179)
Australia/Hobart (65178)
Australia/LHI (65177)
Australia/Lindeman (65176)
Australia/Lord_Howe (65175)
Australia/Melbourne (65174)
Australia/NSW (65173)
Australia/North (65172)
Australia/Perth (65171)
Australia/Queensland (65170)
Australia/South (65169)
Australia/Sydney (65168)
Australia/Tasmania (65167)
Australia/Victoria (65166)
Australia/West (65165)
Australia/Yancowinna (65164)
BET (65163)
BST (65162)
Brazil/Acre (65161)
Brazil/DeNoronha (65160)
Brazil/East (65159)
Brazil/West (65158)
CAT (65157)
CET (65156)
CNT (65155)
CST (65154)
CST6CDT (65153)
CTT (65152)
Canada/Atlantic (65151)
Canada/Central (65150)
Canada/East-Saskatchewan (65149)
Canada/Eastern (65148)
Canada/Mountain (65147)
Canada/Newfoundland (65146)
Canada/Pacific (65145)
Canada/Saskatchewan (65144)
Canada/Yukon (65143)
Chile/Continental (65142)
Chile/EasterIsland (65141)
Cuba (65140)
EAT (65139)
ECT (65138)
EET (65137)
EST (65136)
EST5EDT (65135)
Egypt (65134)
Eire (65133)
Etc/GMT (65132)
Etc/GMT+0 (65131)
Etc/GMT+1 (65130)
Etc/GMT+10 (65129)
Etc/GMT+11 (65128)
Etc/GMT+12 (65127)
Etc/GMT+2 (65126)
Etc/GMT+3 (65125)
Etc/GMT+4 (65124)
Etc/GMT+5 (65123)
Etc/GMT+6 (65122)
Etc/GMT+7 (65121)
Etc/GMT+8 (65120)
Etc/GMT+9 (65119)
Etc/GMT-0 (65118)
Etc/GMT-1 (65117)
Etc/GMT-10 (65116)
Etc/GMT-11 (65115)
Etc/GMT-12 (65114)
Etc/GMT-13 (65113)
Etc/GMT-14 (65112)
Etc/GMT-2 (65111)
Etc/GMT-3 (65110)
Etc/GMT-4 (65109)
Etc/GMT-5 (65108)
Etc/GMT-6 (65107)
Etc/GMT-7 (65106)
Etc/GMT-8 (65105)
Etc/GMT-9 (65104)
Etc/GMT0 (65103)
Etc/Greenwich (65102)
Etc/UCT (65101)
Etc/UTC (65100)
Etc/Universal (65099)
Etc/Zulu (65098)
Europe/Amsterdam (65097)
Europe/Andorra (65096)
Europe/Astrakhan (65095)
Europe/Athens (65094)
Europe/Belfast (65093)
Europe/Belgrade (65092)
Europe/Berlin (65091)
Europe/Bratislava (65090)
Europe/Brussels (65089)
Europe/Bucharest (65088)
Europe/Budapest (65087)
Europe/Busingen (65086)
Europe/Chisinau (65085)
Europe/Copenhagen (65084)
Europe/Dublin (65083)
Europe/Gibraltar (65082)
Europe/Guernsey (65081)
Europe/Helsinki (65080)
Europe/Isle_of_Man (65079)
Europe/Istanbul (65078)
Europe/Jersey (65077)
Europe/Kaliningrad (65076)
Europe/Kiev (65075)
Europe/Kirov (65074)
Europe/Lisbon (65073)
Europe/Ljubljana (65072)
Europe/London (65071)
Europe/Luxembourg (65070)
Europe/Madrid (65069)
Europe/Malta (65068)
Europe/Mariehamn (65067)
Europe/Minsk (65066)
Europe/Monaco (65065)
Europe/Moscow (65064)
Europe/Nicosia (65063)
Europe/Oslo (65062)
Europe/Paris (65061)
Europe/Podgorica (65060)
Europe/Prague (65059)
Europe/Riga (65058)
Europe/Rome (65057)
Europe/Samara (65056)
Europe/San_Marino (65055)
Europe/Sarajevo (65054)
Europe/Saratov (65053)
Europe/Simferopol (65052)
Europe/Skopje (65051)
Europe/Sofia (65050)
Europe/Stockholm (65049)
Europe/Tallinn (65048)
Europe/Tirane (65047)
Europe/Tiraspol (65046)
Europe/Ulyanovsk (65045)
Europe/Uzhgorod (65044)
Europe/Vaduz (65043)
Europe/Vatican (65042)
Europe/Vienna (65041)
Europe/Vilnius (65040)
Europe/Volgograd (65039)
Europe/Warsaw (65038)
Europe/Zagreb (65037)
Europe/Zaporozhye (65036)
Europe/Zurich (65035)
Factory (65034)
GB (65033)
GB-Eire (65032)
GMT+0 (65031)
GMT-0 (65030)
GMT0 (65029)
Greenwich (65028)
HST (65027)
Hongkong (65026)
IET (65025)
IST (65024)
Iceland (65023)
Indian/Antananarivo (65022)
Indian/Chagos (65021)
Indian/Christmas (65020)
Indian/Cocos (65019)
Indian/Comoro (65018)
Indian/Kerguelen (65017)
Indian/Mahe (65016)
Indian/Maldives (65015)
Indian/Mauritius (65014)
Indian/Mayotte (65013)
Indian/Reunion (65012)
Iran (65011)
Israel (65010)
JST (65009)
Jamaica (65008)
Japan (65007)
Kwajalein (65006)
Libya (65005)
MET (65004)
MIT (65003)
MST (65002)
MST7MDT (65001)
Mexico/BajaNorte (65000)
Mexico/BajaSur (64999)
Mexico/General (64998)
NET (64997)
NST (64996)
NZ (64995)
NZ-CHAT (64994)
Navajo (64993)
PLT (64992)
PNT (64991)
PRC (64990)
PRT (64989)
PST (64988)
PST8PDT (64987)
Pacific/Apia (64986)
Pacific/Auckland (64985)
Pacific/Bougainville (64984)
Pacific/Chatham (64983)
Pacific/Chuuk (64982)
Pacific/Easter (64981)
Pacific/Efate (64980)
Pacific/Enderbury (64979)
Pacific/Fakaofo (64978)
Pacific/Fiji (64977)
Pacific/Funafuti (64976)
Pacific/Galapagos (64975)
Pacific/Gambier (64974)
Pacific/Guadalcanal (64973)
Pacific/Guam (64972)
Pacific/Honolulu (64971)
Pacific/Johnston (64970)
Pacific/Kiritimati (64969)
Pacific/Kosrae (64968)
Pacific/Kwajalein (64967)
Pacific/Majuro (64966)
Pacific/Marquesas (64965)
Pacific/Midway (64964)
Pacific/Nauru (64963)
Pacific/Niue (64962)
Pacific/Norfolk (64961)
Pacific/Noumea (64960)
Pacific/Pago_Pago (64959)
Pacific/Palau (64958)
Pacific/Pitcairn (64957)
Pacific/Pohnpei (64956)
Pacific/Ponape (64955)
Pacific/Port_Moresby (64954)
Pacific/Rarotonga (64953)
Pacific/Saipan (64952)
Pacific/Samoa (64951)
Pacific/Tahiti (64950)
Pacific/Tarawa (64949)
Pacific/Tongatapu (64948)
Pacific/Truk (64947)
Pacific/Wake (64946)
Pacific/Wallis (64945)
Pacific/Yap (64944)
Poland (64943)
Portugal (64942)
ROC (64941)
ROK (64940)
SST (64939)
Singapore (64938)
SystemV/AST4 (64937)
SystemV/AST4ADT (64936)
SystemV/CST6 (64935)
SystemV/CST6CDT (64934)
SystemV/EST5 (64933)
SystemV/EST5EDT (64932)
SystemV/HST10 (64931)
SystemV/MST7 (64930)
SystemV/MST7MDT (64929)
SystemV/PST8 (64928)
SystemV/PST8PDT (64927)
SystemV/YST9 (64926)
SystemV/YST9YDT (64925)
Turkey (64924)
UCT (64923)
US/Alaska (64922)
US/Aleutian (64921)
US/Arizona (64920)
US/Central (64919)
US/East-Indiana (64918)
US/Eastern (64917)
US/Hawaii (64916)
US/Indiana-Starke (64915)
US/Michigan (64914)
US/Mountain (64913)
US/Pacific (64912)
US/Pacific-New (64911)
US/Samoa (64910)
UTC (64909)
Universal (64908)
VST (64907)
W-SU (64906)
WET (64905)
Zulu (64904)

Author: Adriano dos Santos Fernandes

26 KiB Raw Blame History

Time Zone support (FB 4.0)

Data types

Storage

API structs

API functions (FirebirdInterface.idl - IUtil interface)

Time zone string syntax

TIME WITH TIME ZONE and TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE literals

Statements and expressions

SET TIME ZONE statement

Syntax

Examples

SET TIME ZONE BIND statement

Syntax

Examples

AT expression

Syntax

Examples

EXTRACT expressions

Examples

LOCALTIME expression

Example

LOCALTIMESTAMP expression

Example

Changes in CURRENT_TIME and CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

Virtual table RDB$TIME_ZONES

Package RDB$TIME_ZONE_UTIL

Function DATABASE_VERSION

Procedure TRANSITIONS

Updating the time zone database

Appendix: time zone regions

26 KiB

Raw Blame History

`TIME WITH TIME ZONE` and `TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE` literals

`SET TIME ZONE` statement

`SET TIME ZONE BIND` statement

`AT` expression

`EXTRACT` expressions

`LOCALTIME` expression

`LOCALTIMESTAMP` expression

Changes in `CURRENT_TIME` and `CURRENT_TIMESTAMP`

Virtual table `RDB$TIME_ZONES`

Package `RDB$TIME_ZONE_UTIL`

Function `DATABASE_VERSION`

Procedure `TRANSITIONS`